2013年6月大学英语六级改错真题模拟(8)
2013年6月大学英语六级改错真题模拟(8)
Punctuality(准时) means observing(守) regular or ap pointed time.
A man who gets up at seven oclock every morning is punctual. A man who has permitted to call on a friend at 1. _______
five oclock in the afternoon and actually does such at that hour 2. ______
is also punctual. Punctuality is a good habit, and unpunctuality is a bad one. A few minutes delay may not be a serious matter. 3. _______But it may have bad results. Getting up five minutes later than usually may upset the plan of the day.
But it may have bad results. Getting up five minutes later than usually may upset the plan of the day. 4. ____
Call on a friend five minutes later than the appointed time may 5. _______
cause him some unexpected trouble. Nevertheless, habitual un- 6._______
punctuality leads to indolence(懒惰) and even failure in life. One delay after another makes a man unable to exert himself. It also proves him be untrustworthy. 7._______
Those who are unpunctual should try their best to get rid from their bad habit. In doing this, they should avoid making 8. ______
any kind of exception. They should ever say to themselves:“A 9.______
few minutes’ delay does not matter this time. I shall never be unpunctual again.” Those who think in this way will find excus- es for delay from time to time, and will at least give up the at- tempt cultivating the good habit of punctuality. 10. ______
Like all other good habits, punctuality becomes second na- ture with those who have duly cultivated it.
[注释] 1 permitted → promised permit作为动词,是“允许”的意思,常用于词组permit sb. to do sth.:允许某人做某事。根据上下文,此处应译为:“一个许诺下午五点钟拜访一位朋友,而事实上也做到了这一点的人是准时的”。这里所表达的意思是“许诺”,不是“允许”,应用promise,并且promise to do sth.是“许诺做某事”的意思,从语法上也符合。此句是易混词错误。
2 such → so such和so的共同点在于两者都是代词,都是“这样”的意思。区别在于such不能单独代替某成份,而so可以独立代替前文所提及的事。如此句中does such a thing = does so,但是does such却不符合语法。本句属于代词误用错误。
3 minutes → minutes 本句中minutes是名词,不能直接修饰后面的名词delay,应该用名词所有格形式,改成minutes。这属于词性错误。
4 usually → usual usually是副词,意思是“通常地”。这里five minutes later than usual中的“… than usual”是固定搭配。usual的类似用法还有as usual(和平常一样)。这是固定搭配错误。
5 Call → Calling/To call 本句主语是一个动词短语,但是动词短语做主语时,其中的动词只能用动名词或不定式的形式,因而把Call改成Calling或To call。此句属于非谓语动词错误。
6 Nevertheless → Moreover Nevertheless作为连词,表示转折,意思是“然而,但是”。根据上下文理解,这里应是一个递进关系,不是转折关系。前一句是“迟到五分钟会给他带来预想不到的麻烦”,后一句说“经常不准时导致懒惰和失败”,因而是更进一步说明的递进关系,须把nevertheless改成moreover。这是连接词错误。 7 him ∧ be → to “prove sb. to do sth.”是固定搭配,意思是“证明某人做某事”。原句缺少不定式标志to。这属于固定搭配的错误。
8 from → of “get rid of”是固定搭配,意思是“摆脱”。用from是错误用法,应把它改成“of”。这属于固定搭配错误。
9 ever→ never 本句属于篇章理解方面的错误。根据上下文,此句应是否定句。上文说“他们应该避免有任何例外”,下文说“这样想的人总会为他们的迟到找借口”,因而此句作者要表达的意思是“他们不应该这样说……”,所以要把ever改成never。
10 cultivating → to cultivate cultivate意思是“培养”,这里做名词attempt的定语。“attempt (n.) to do sth.”意思是“做某事的尝试/努力”,应用不定式做后置定语。此句属于非谓语动词错误。
从以上改错模拟题的分析,可以看出,主要错误类型有易混词错误(71),代词误用错误(72),词性错误(73),固定搭配错误(74、77、78),非谓语动词错误(75、80),连接词错误(76)。综合以上二篇改错考题的分析,我们可以看到,很难说出全部错误类型,因为无论是语法或词汇等方面小的细节还是篇章理解等大的方面都能成为改错的对象。由于考生不仅要理解单个句子,更需要理解上下文逻辑关系或其发展的脉络,才能进行判断和订正,所以,综合改错的难度超越了词汇本身测试的难度。 另外,综合改错题的设计兼有句子改错题及完形填空题的双重特点。句子改错题的特点是:测试语言知识,四个划线部分必有一错。完形填空题的特点是:测试篇章能力为主,每个空格有四个选项,仅择其一。而综合改错题的特点是含错误项的句子中,由于错项与其他干扰项没有单独用横线标出,因此错误项和正确项互相干扰,难以把握。此外,综合改错题不象完形填空题那样给出备选的正确答案,对大多数考生来说,正确地判断并改正错误是相当难的。 但是,尽管很难把改错题完全分类,这并不意味着无规则可循。经过对各类考试以及历年考题的分析、总结,我们归纳出九种主要错误类型。虽然这九个类型并不能代表所有的错误类型,但是它们能为广大考生提供思考问题的方法,使他们在做改错题时,能够有的放矢,准确迅速地找到并改正错误。