Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension
Directions: There are four passages in this part.Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A),B),C)and D).You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.
Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage:
Joblessness is far more than an economic misfortune.It can be a psychological disaster for the unemployed and their families.It can cause illness,divide families and create a downward spiral of feelings of worthlessness and lack of selfesteem.According to research done by M. Harvery Brenner,associate professor of health at Johns Hopkins University,every 1% increase in the unemployment rate translates
into 37,000 deaths over the next 6 years,including over 20,000 deaths from heart attcks,900 suicides and nearly 500 deaths from cirrhosis of the liver.In addition,Brenner estimates that 7,500 unemployed or their families will be admitted to prison after committing a crime or to a mental hospital.“The impact goes well beyond the individual who loses a job,”said Brenner.“stress caused by economic factors affects our national life at every level.”
Men who have been socialized as the family breadwinner are especially hard hit by unemployment.They suffer greater depression and anxiety and have a higher possibility of psychotic behavior than men who are employed.“Nine months seems to be a crucial point when hope and patience give out,”said a leading psychologist.
After that,“illness,suicide,alcoholism,divorce,and even crime grow at epidemicrate.”
Left without a job,many workers feel they have nothing to look forward to.They miss their coworkers and the routine of going to work.For many,the sense of hopelessness grows worse every time they are rejected for a new job.When this happens often enough,the rejection unemployed workers feel may be exacerbated if some friends and neighbors avoid them as if they had a contagious disease.
21. According to the passage,which of the following is NOT true?
A.Joblessness is an economic misfortune.
B. Joblessness is a psychological disaster for the unemployed and their families. C.Joblessness can cause the unemployed to commit suicide.
D.Joblessness is a contagious disease.
22. In what way does the unemployment affect the unemplayed and their families?
A.It makes them ill.
B.It causes the divorce.
C.it creates a feeling of worthlessness and lack of selfesteem.
D.All above.
23. According to M. Harvey Brenner's research,if there is 1% increase in the
unemployment rate,how many people will die from cirrhosis of the liver?
A.37,000 B.20,000 C.900 D.500
24. If a man has been unemployed for a year,he ____.
A.will be happy and relieved. B.will be hopeless.
C.will lose patience D.both B and C
25. What is the best title for this passage?
A.An Economic Misfortune. B.The Harm of Joblessness
C.An Scientific Research D.How to Treat The Unemployed
2Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage:
Ironically,in the United States,a country of immigrants,prejudice and discrimination continue to be serious problems.There was often tension between each established group of immigrants and each succeeding group.As each group became more financially successful,and more powerful,they excluded newcomers from full participation in the society.Prejudice and discrimination are part of our history,however,this prejudicial treatment of different groups is nowhere more unjust than with black Americans.
Blacks had distinct disadvantages.For the most part,they came to the “land of opportunity”as slaves and they were not free to keep their heritage and cultural
traditions.Unlike most European immigrants,blacks did not have the protection of a support group;sometimes slaveowners separated members of the same family.
They could not mix easily with the established society either because of their skin color.It was difficult for them to adapt to the American culture.Even after
they became free people,they still experienced discrimination in employment,housing,education,and even in public facilities,such as restroom.
26. Prejudice and discrimination____.
A.were gone
B.have been existing in the American society
C.don't exclude new immigrants from participation in the society
D.are mainly caused by the slavery
27. Established and succeeding immigrants____.
A.were reluctant to help newcomers to adapt to the new surroundings
B.were willing to support newcomers financially
C.were great helpers of slaves and Indians
D.were treated unequally by American Indians
28. One of the reasons why black Americans could not easily mix in American society is____.
A.that most Americans are immigrants
B.due to their skin color
C.that they speak their language differently from Americans
D.that they were free to keep their heritage
29. The author specifically mentions that____.
A.black Americans are most prejudicially treated in the U.S.
B.discrimination in the South was not more obvious than in the North
C.the situation of blacks is almost the same today as it was in the 1930s
D. after blacks became free people they didn't experience discrimination in employment and public facilities
30. The attitude of the author is____.
A.favorable B.praising C.indifferent D.sarcastic
3Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage:
About 50 years ago the idea of disabled people doing sports was never heard of.But when the annual games for the disabled were started at Stroke Mandeville,England in 1948 by Sir Ludwig Guttmann,the situation began to change.Sir Ludwig Guttmann,who had been driven to England in 1939 from Nazi Germany,had been asked by the British government to set up an injuries centre at stoke Mandeville Hospital near London.His ideas about treating injuries included sports for the disabled.
In the first games just two teams of injured soldiers took part.The next year,1949,five teams took part.From those beginnings things developed fast.Teams now come from abroad to Stoke Mandeville every year.In 1960 the first Olympics for the Disabled were held in Rome.Now,every four years the Olympic Games for the Disabled are held,if possible,in the same place as the normal Olympic Games，although they are organized separately.In other years Games for the Disabled are still held at Stoke Mandeville.In the 1984 wheelchair Olympic Games,1604 wheelchair athletes from about 40 countries took part.Unfortunately,they were held at Stoke Mandeville and not in Los Angeles,along with the other Olympics.
The Games have been a great success in promoting international friendship and understanding,and in proving that being disabled does not mean you can't enjoy sports.One small source of disappointment for those who organize and take part in the games,however,has been the unwillingness of the International Olympic Committee to include the disabled events at the Olympic Games for the ablebodied.Perhaps a few more years are still needed to convince those fortunate enough not to be disabled that their disabled fellow athletes should not be excluded.
31. The first games for the disabled were held____after Sir Ludwing Guttmann arrived in England.
A.50 years B.21 years C.9 years D.4 years
32. Beside Stoke Mandeville,surely the games for the disabled were once held in____.
A.New York B.London C.Rome D.Los Angeles
33. In paragraph 2,the word “athlete” means____.
A.people who support the games B.people who watch the games
C.people who organize the games D.people who compete in the games
34. Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A.Sir Ludwig Guttmann is an early organizer of the games for the disabled.
B.Sir Ludwig Guttmann is an injured soldier.
C.Sir Ludwig Guttmann is from Germany.
D.Sir Ludwig Guttmann is welcomed by the British.
35. From the passage we may conclude that writer is____.
A.one of the organizers of the games for the disabled
B.a disabled who once took part in the games
C.against holding the games for the disabled
D.in favor of holding the game for the disabled
4Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage:
The modern sailing ship was developed by a man who never went to sea.
He was Prince Henry of Portugal,the younger son of the Partuguese king and an English princess.
Prince Henry lived in the fifteenth century.As a boy he became devoted to the sea,and he dedicated himself to improving the design of ships and the methods of sailing them.In 1416,when he was twentytwo,Henry founded a school for mariners, to which he invited everyone who could help him—Jewish astronomers,Italian and
Spanish sailors,and Arab mathematicians and map makers who knew to use the crude compass of the day and could improve it.
Henry's goal was to design and equip vessels that would be capable of making long ocean voyages without having to hug the shore.The caravel carried more sail and was longer and slimmer than any ship then made,yet was tough enough to withstand gales at sea.He also developed the carrack,which was a slower ship,but one that was capable of carrying more cargo.
To Prince Henry the world owes credit for development of craft that made oceanic exploration possible.He lives in history as Henry the Navigator.
36. Henry the Navigator was a member of the royal family of____.
A.England B.Spain C.Italy D.Portugal
37. Prince Henry started his school for the purpose of____.
A.helping mariners
B.improving ship design and sailing methods
C.studying astronomy and mathematics
D.improving his own skill as a sailor
38. The teachers in Prince Henry's school seem to have been____.
A.members of the royal family
B.astronomers,sailors and map makers
C.shipbuilders
D.All of the above
39. Prince Henry's goal was to design vessels that could____.
A.make long deepsea voyages
B.travel faster than those in use at that time
C.explore the coastline of Portugal
D.carry larger crews and more cargo than existing one
40. The best title for this passage is
A.The First Modern Sailing Vessels
B.The Mariner Prince
C.Prince Henry's Role in History
D.The First School for Sailors
Part Ⅳ Short Answer Questions
Directions: In this part there is a short passage with five questions or incomplete statements.Read the passage carefully.Then answer the questions or complete the statements in less than 10 words.
Have you ever been asked to take a polygraph test for a job?A polygraph,also called a lie detector,is a device that is used to find out if someone is telling a lie.It is based on the belief that lying causes certain physical reactions.These reactions,which include a change in blood pressure and pulse rate,are measured by the polygraph.
Lie detector tests are often used in court and in the workplace.However,a law that went effect in December 1988 limits the ways that employers can use these tests.Employers can no longer use them to screen(审查) people who are applying for jobs.The only exception is for those who want government jobs as security guards or drug handlers.Also,managers can no longer ask workers to take such tests unless there is reasonable suspicion that the worker has stolen or damaged property.This will curb tests for suspected offenses,such as drug use or sexual harassment,and for workers who were merely in the area of a theft.Bosses who request lie detector tests will have to tell workers why they are suspected of an offense.
Also,they may not ask questions that degrade workers,such as questions about their sex lives.
In any case,according to the new law,the test is now voluntary:You can't be fired for refusing to take it.If you have been forced to take a polygraph test,or if you are not being given a promotion because you have refused to take the test,you can sue the company or file a complaint with the Department of Labor.The Department of Labor can fine employers up to $10,000.
Questions:
71. What is the passage mainly about?
72. How does the polygraph work?
73. The law of December,1988 prohibits employers from examing people who apply for jobs except ____
74. Nowadays the bosses can ask the workers to take the polygraph tests only under the condition that ____
75. Under the new law,if a boss forces his worker to take a polygraph test,what punishment will he get?
Part Ⅴ Writing
Directions: For this part,you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition based on the following outline (given in Chinese).The suggested title is: Private schools in China.You should write no less than 150 words for your composition.
提纲： 1.私立学校在中国的兴起。
2. 私立学校可能带来的好处。
1)人才市场的需要
2)培养一流人才
3)提高全民族科学，教育水平
3.更多的孩子会上私立学校。
答 案
PartⅡ
1短文大意
本文主要讲述了失业对失业人员及其家庭的危害——身体上的与心灵上的，并运用一项科学调查对该主题进行了进一步的说明。
21. 答 案D。
【参考译文】 据文中所述，下列哪一项是不正确的?
【试题分析】 本题为综合分析题。
【详细解答】 这道题要求考生在通读全文的条件下进行分析，选项A、B、C在文中是可以找到的，而选项D在文中末尾出现了，但考生应该注意本文最后一句，是一个“as if”引导的虚拟语气。
22. 答 案D。
【参考译文】 失业是如何影响失业者及其家庭的?
【试题分析】 本题为细节题。
【详细解答】 这道题的答 案在第一段的第二句话，只是表述方式略有不同。
23. 答 案D。
【参考译文】 据哈维?布莱勒的研究，失业率每提高1%会有多少人死于肝硬化?
【试题分析】 本题为细节题。
【详细解答】 这道题的答 案在第二段，考生在阅读短文明注意了每组数字所指的对象，就不难选出答 案。
24. 答 案D。
【参考译文】 如果一个人失业一年，他……
【详细解答】 本题为综合推断题
【详细解答】 这道题的答 案在第三段的第四句话，选项B、C只是表述方式和原文不
一样，考生只要理解“ give out”是指“用完，耗尽”，就不难得出正确答 案。
25. 答 案B。
【参考译文】 文章最好的标题是什么?
【试题分析】 本题为综合理解题。
【详细解答】 这道题要求考文通读全文，掌握文章主题。选项B是最符合本文大意最有概括性的标题。
2短文大意
本文讲述了美国存在的种族歧视与偏见的状况，并阐述了其形成原因。文中还着重讲述了美国黑人所受的歧视更为严重，并也就此分析了原因。
26. 答 案B。
【参考译文】 偏见与歧视……
【试题分析】 本题为简单分析题。
【详细解答】 这道题的答 案在文章的第一句，考生要注意选项B中现在完成进行时的用法，与文中第一句的“continue”是相应的。
27. 答 案A。
【参考译文】 已经安居下来并有了成就的移民者……
【试题分析】 本题为简单推断题。
【详细解答】 这道题要求考生弄懂第一段中对“Established and succeeding immigrants”行为的描述，“ reluctant”一词有“不愿”的意思，所以A是唯一正确的选项。
28. 答 案B。
【参考译文】 黑人美国人不能与美国融合的原因之一是……
【试题分析】 本题为细节题。
【详细解答】 这道题的答 案在第二段的第四句话，“due to”一词就是“because of”的意思。
29. 答 案A。
【参考译文】 作者特别提出……
【试题分析】 本题为理解分析题。
【详细解答】 这道题要求考生正确理解第一段最后一句话。nowhere more unjust than with black Americans”意思是“不会有比对待黑人更不公正的了”从这句话的语气，考生可以判断出作者特别强调了黑人在美国受歧视的问题。选项 B文中没有提及，选项C在文中没有纵向比较更没有强调，选项 D是与文中内容相反的。
30. 答 案D。
【参考译文】 作者的态度是……
【试题分析】 本题为综合推断题。
【详细解答】 这道题要求考生通读全文，对作者的态度作出判断。而且考生可以从文章第一句来看，这一句是讲“具有讽刺意味的是，美国这个移民国家，偏见与歧视仍是个严重问题。”从这样的语气中，考生应该能作出正确判断。
3短文大意
本文讲述了残疾人运动会的起源，发展以及作者对其未来的展望，同时也提及了残疾人运动的意义与现状中的某些不足之处。
31. 答 案C。
【参考译文】 在Sir Ludwig Guttmann到英国后多少年后举行了第一次残疾人运动会。
【试题分析】 本题为细节题。
【详细解答】 这道题的答 案在第一段的一、二句话。考生不要被文中多个年代所迷惑，只要直接按到第一次残运会的年代与Sir Ludwig Guttmann到英国的年代一算就可以了。
32. 答 案C。
【参考译文】 除了stroke Mandeville,在哪肯定还举行过残疾人运动会?
【试题分析】 本题为细节题。
【详细解答】 这道题的答 案就在第二段的第三句话，很明显是选C。
33. 答 案D。
【参考译文】 第2段中，“athlete”一词意为……
【试题分析】 本题为词汇题兼推断题。
【详细解答】 这道题中即便考生不知道“athlete”一词是指“运动员”，也要从上下文中推断出来。考生应当培养通过上下文猜测词意的能力。
34. 答 案D。
【参考译文】 下面哪一个表述是不真实的?
【试题分析】 本题为理解推断题。
【详细解答】 这道题要求考生在通读全文的基础上对四个选项进行判断。A、C两个选项原文中有，选项D考生可以通过英国政府请Sir Ludwing Guttmann建议伤救中心而判断D是正确的。选项B是文中没有的，所以是考生要选的一项。
35. 答 案D。
【参考译文】 从文章中我们可以得出结论——作者……
【试题分析】 本题为理解推断题。
【详细解答】 这道题要求考生在通读全文的基础上进行判断。A、B两项是文中从未提到的，我们从第三段中“One small source of disappointment for...”这句话来看作者的语气和态度，也可以判断出C、D两项中，D项是正确的。
4短文大意
本文讲述了十五世纪时，葡萄牙王子享利发展航海技术的事情，文中讲述了享利王子创建学
校研究航海科技术，以及他研究出的船的特性功能和他对航海业作出的贡献。
36. 答 案D。
【参考译文】 航海家享利是哪个皇室家族中的一员?
【试题分析】 本题为细节题。
【详细解答】 这道题的答 案在第一段，考生不难作答。
37. 答 案B。
【参考译文】 享利王子创建他的学校是为了……
【试题分析】 本题为推断题。
【详细解答】 这道题要求考生结合上下文考虑。第二段中讲述享利王子致力于发展船只设
计技术与航海术，后面马上提到他建立学校及学校成员：天文学家、水手、数学家、制图人。综合考虑，答 案应该是 B。
38. 答 案B。
【参考译文】 享利王子的学校中的老师是……
【试题分析】 本题为细节题。
【详细解答】 这道题的答 案在第二段，选项A、C是文中未提及的，所以不选。
39. 答 案A。
【参考译文】 享利王子目的是要造什么样的船?
【试题分析】 本题为细节题。
【详细解答】 这道题的答 案在第三段第一句话。“be capable of make long ocean voyages without having to hug the shore”意指“能作远洋航行而无须紧靠海岸”。
40. 答 案C。
【参考译文】 本文最好的标题是什么?
【试题分析】 本题为综合分析题。
【详细解答】 这道题要求考生通读全文，掌握大意进行分析。A、B、D三项都不是对文大意最好的归纳。而且选项 A中“Modern”一词是不合适的;B项中“Mariner”一词是错用，考生从文中可以得知享利王子从未进入海洋 (第一句);D项中“the first”也是文中未提及的。而C项则是对本文最好的概括。
Part Ⅳ
考生在做简答题时，最好能先看一下问题，这样带着问题去看文章有助于使考生阅读时更有针对性，也能节省时间。考生做答时，可以用文章中的原话，也可以用自己的语言，但要注意是简答题，所以答 案要简洁。
71. 答 案：the polygraph test
72. 答 案：It measures people's blood pressure and pulse rate.
73. 答 案：those who apply for serious government jobs.
74. 答 案：there is reasonable suspicion for the offenses.
75. 答 案：a fine below $10,000.
Part Ⅴ 写作指导
这是一篇就现在一种新生事物发表看法的议论文。第一部分按照提纲应该提出私立学校的产生并稍作介绍引出论点。第二部分是就私立学校的好处进行分析。这一部分按提纲有三部分，考生在第一部分不但要提到私立学校带来的好处，并应该解释一下原因。考生要注意三个好处要有适当的承接词连接。第三部分是前景展望，考生根据全文中心思想提出适当的预测。
Sample Writing
Private School in China
More and more private schools are booming in China.It can produce a smarter generation of Chinese children and promote the integration of education with the development of science and technology and of the economy.
Private school can give a better education due to many reasons.Firstly,private schools can give both students and teachers as much freedom as possible because they are granted more autonomy.Students are free to choose their favorite specialities according to their hobbies,which can better display their talents and skills.Teachers have the freedom to adjust their study to the demands of human resources market.Secondly,private school invite many scholars,professors and experienced teachers who have high ideological and educational levels.They possess excellent modern facilities like audiovisual centers,computer rooms and large libaries,which can bring all potential of students in full play and can cultviate first-class human resources with high effeciency and high quality.Thirdly,private schools can be regarded as a good guide to consumption.Some parents resolutely invest heavily in getting their children well educated instead of spending much money on luxuries for them.This might be one of the contributing factors for raising the educational level of the nation as a whole.
Of course,the tuition in private schools is much too high for most of us to pay.
However,with the development of the reform and the improvement of our living standard,more and more people will be able to afford to pay the tuition for their children.
