The IEA’s World Energy Outlook report says increasing demand and use of energy is unsustainable and has to be curbed (控制).
The switch to more low-carbon energy will require an extra investment of ￡2.7 trillion — equivalent to 0.2 per cent of GDP — the IEA report said, with an average ￡11 spent per head worldwide on more efficient cars, appliances and buildings. The improved energy efficiency would deliver fuel-cost savings of almost ￡4.5 trillion.
Three-quarters of the projected rise in energy-related CO2 emissions will be accounted for by some developing countries.
IEA executive director Nobuo Tanaka said, “Current trends in energy supply and consumption are apparently unsustainable.”
The report says that, assuming no new government policies, the world energy demand will grow by 1.6 per cent per year on average between 2006 and 2030. This figure is lower than projected last year because the economic slowdown has reduced demand.
Demand for oil will rise from the current 85m barrels per day to 106m barrels by 2030. Demand for coal will rise more than any other fuel — despite the environmental damage it causes — accounting for more than a third of the increase in energy use.
The report claims oil will remain the world’s main source of energy for many years to come even with the rapid development of alternative renewable energy technology but the amount of oil remaining, production costs and consumer price will remain unpredictable.
Mr. Tanaka said big international oil and gas companies would in the future have limited scope to increase reserves and production while in contrast national companies are projected to account for about 80 per cent of the increase of both oil and gas production to 2030.
The report says measures to curb CO2 emissions will improve energy security by reducing global fossil-fuel energy use but this would not alarm the world’s major oil producers.
“OPEC production will need to be 12m barrels higher per day in 2030 than today. It is clear that the energy sectors will have to play the central role in tackling climate change,” said Mr. Tanaka.
26. The switch to more low-carbon energy will ________.
A) need an additional $2.7 trillion investment
B) consume 2 per cent of the U.K.’s GDP
C) cost each person in the U.K. $11 on average
D) save about ￡4.5 trillion in fuel costs
27. What does the underlined sentence mean in the third paragraph?
A) 75% of the investment on energy efficiency projects will come from some developing countries.
B) Some developing countries will raise their energy-related CO2 emissions by 75%.
C) 75% of the projected energy-related CO2 emissions increase will come from some developing countries.
D) Some developing countries will cut their energy- related CO2 emissions by 75%.
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