1.先行词表示时间、地点、原因,但关系词指代先行词在定语从句中充当主语或宾语时,应用关系代词that或which。如:
I’ll never forget 1976 that / which was full of sadness.
(作主语)
我不会忘记充满悲哀的1976年。
I regret the days (that/which) I wasted in the woods.
(作宾语)
我后悔在森林里虚度的日子。
This is the factory that/which produces cars. (作主语)
这就是那个生产小汽车的工厂。
This is the factory (that/which) he visited yesterday.
(作宾语)
这就是他昨天参观的工厂。
This is the reason that/which is unreasonable. (作主语)
这是一个没道理的理由。
This is the reason (that/which) he raised. (作宾语)
这是他提出的理由。
2. 关系副词有时相当于 “适当的介词+关系代词”。如:
① where=in/on which
This is the room where / in which he lives.
这就是他住的房间。
I can see the desk where / on which there is a book.
我能看见上面有一本书的那张桌子。
② when= on/in/at which
I still remember the year when/ in which I joined the Party. 我仍然记得入党的那一年。
I still remember the day when/on which I joined the Party. 我仍然记得入党的那一天。
I still remember the date when/at which I joined the Party. 我仍然记得入党的那个日子。
③ why=for which
This is the reason why / for which he was killed.
这是他被杀害的原因。
3. 当先行词为time表示 “次数”时,常用关系词that或省去关系词,而不用when来引导定语从句。如:
This is the first/last time that I shall give you a lesson.
这是我第一次/最后一次给你们上课。
4. 当point, situation等词作先行词表抽象的地点,其后常由where引导定语从句, where在定语从句中作地点状语。
Can you think out a situation where this word can be used? 你能设想这个单词被使用的场合吗?
Her illness has developed to the point where nobody can cure her. 她的病发展到没人能治的地步。
巩固练习:
从A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. I work in a business ______ almost everyone is waiting
for the great chance.(湖南2004)
A. how B. which C. where D. that
2. We are living in an age _______ many things are done
on computer.(北京2003春)
A. which B. that C. whose D. when
3. The film brought the hours back to me _______ I was
taken good care of in that far-away village.(NMET 2001)
A. until B. that C. when D. where
4. Is this the reason _____ at the meeting for his careless-
ness in his work? (上海2002春)
A. he explained B. what he explained
C. how he explained D. why he explained
5. After living in Paris for fifty years he returned to the
small town ______ he grewup as a child. (NMET 1996)
A. which B. that C. where D. when
Key 1: 1-5CDCAC
