her.
Social scientists tell us that cultures differ from one another, that each culture is unique. As cultures are diverse, so languages are diverse. It is only natural then that with differences in cultures and differences in languages, difficulties often arise in communicating between cultures and across cultures. Understanding is not always easy.
Learning a foreign language well means more than merely mastering the pronunciation, grammar, words and idioms. It means learning also to see the world as native speakers of that language see it, learning the ways in which their language reflects the ideas, customs, and behaviors of their society, learning to understand their "language of the mind". Learning a language, in fact, is inseparable from learning its culture.
56. According to the first paragraph, the term "culture" refers to_________.
[ A ] things like cities, organizations and schools
[ B ] ideas, customs, family patterns, and languages
[C] all things produced by human race
[D] the total that constitute a society
57. The second paragraph tells about_________.
[ A j the role language plays in culture
[B] the relationship between language and culture
[ C ] the influence culture has on language
[ D ] the representation of culture
58. There will be no difficulty in communication if_________.
[ A ] people from different countries can speak each other ' s languages
[ B ] people from different countries can know each other ' s cultures
[C] people from different countries can know each other ' s languages and cultures
[ D ] there were no difference between the two cultures
59. Learning a foreign language means_________.
[ A ] learning to express oneself in the way native speakers do
[ B ] getting to know the way native speakers think
[ C ] getting to know the way native speakers behave
[D] mastering the language and learning its culture
60. This passage is probably taken from a book _________.
[ A ] on culture
[ B j on language learning
[C] on learning a language through its culture
[D] on learning a culture through its language
Part B
Directions:
Read the following article in which four people talk about their work and life. For questions 61 to 64, match name of each speaker to one of the statements (A to F) given below. Mark your answers on your ANSWER SHEET.
Joyce Swenson
Joyce is 36 years old and has worked for a publishing company in New York City for II years. Presently, she is working as a Senior Editor in charge of developmental programs. An opening for a vice-presidential position has just opened. Joyce is one of four people applying for the position. The other three applicants are men who have been at the company approximately as long as she has. The requirements for the job include a Master ' s degree and a minimum of ten years experience working as a manager in a publishing company. Historically, the company has hired from within. Joyce has applied for promotions before but she has been passed over each time by a male candidate. When Joyce joined the company, she was single. Now she is married and has two school-age children and one preshooler. Joyce feels she has been discriminated against because of her sex. She feels motherhood is viewed by the company as a negative factor in job promotion.
Ardith Trachsel
Ardith is 39 years old. She is a single mother of three children. She works full time as a marketing manager for a fast-food chain. Ardith works 50 hours a week and carpools her 12-year-old daughter to gymnastics after work three days a week. She also makes sure that she is in the stands to watch her 16-year-old son wrestle or watch her 15-year-old daughter play soccer. Ardith finds herself staying up late nightly in order to catch up on the wash or housecleaning. She also spends many evenings catching up on reports that couldn ' t be finished at work.
Ardith takes her role as mother and employee very seriously. She feels that her children
shouldn ' t have to help out around the house because they are too busy with academics and sports activities. This same attitude carries over to the workplace. She hates to burden her secretary with extra work, so instead, she does a lot of it herself. She feels that she must be everything to everybody she comes in contact with.
It is important to note that Ardith grew up in the 1950s. Her mother was always there for her. There was never a day that Ardith did not come home and find her mother waiting for her( sometimes with milk and cookies). Her mother was involved with the parents' organization at school and was her Girl Scout leader. Although the family was not well-off financially, Ardith always dressed well. Her mother was an excellent dressmaker.
Mary Healy
Ardith ' s friend Mary is 37 years old. She also is a single mother with three as she
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