C
UGG boots have been a winter-weather fashion for several years now, combining function, comfort, warmth and even some style. What many UGG-enthusiasts don’t know is that their boots are a breeding ground for bacteria and cause foot problems.
Doctors believe the boots, which are particularly popular among young teenage girls, are leading to a rise in the number of people suffering pains in their feet and knees.
Dr. Ian Drysdale, head of the British College of Osteopathic Medicine, believes because the foot does not get the proper support on the inside, it will lead to more ankle, knee, hip and back problems. “These boots are not designed for outside wear. Just because something becomes a trend or fashionable doesn’t mean it’s good or right,” he said, “The particular problem with this type of footwear is that it is unsupported. It’s a slipper. You wouldn’t normally expect to be doing outdoor activities from something that’s indoor. If you decide to wear your pajamas outside all the time, someone will come up and say it’s not a good idea.” Dr. Drysdale explained that the feet issues become a particular problem among young teenage girls, whose bones are “plastic” and developing when they are growing. “If that structure is developing in an inappropriate way,” he said, “then the ultimate structure will be deformed.”
Mike O’Neill, a consultant surgeon, said, “As the foot slides around, you get wear and tear (磨损) on the joints on the inside of the foot. The ankle is in the wrong position, the thigh bone also changes position, and you get an abnormal movement in the pelvis, which leads to back problems.”
UGG Australia, who makes the designer version of the boots, told The Daily Mirror that their boots are “comfort” rather than “performance” footwear and consumers should be aware of “knockoffs” (仿制品) which lack reinforced heels in their boots.
64. Teenage girls prefer to wear UGG boots because of the following except ____________.
A. design B. comfort C. quality D. warmth
65. According to Dr. Ian Drysdale, _____________.
A. there is a possibility that bacteria will multiply in UGG boots
B. wearing UGG boots will lead to more ankle and toe problems
C. it’s not a good idea to wear boots like UGG outside all the time
D. teenage girls’ bones are plastic enough to wear UGG boots
66. The underlined word “deformed” is closest in meaning to _____________.
A. shaped B. strengthened C. reformed D. damaged
67. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A. Potential Harm of UGG Boots B. The Popularity of UGG Boots
C. The Unique Design of UGG Boots D. Benefits of UGG Boots
D
Deception (骗术) is something that people do all the time, and it plays an important role in military (军事的) strategy. Now some researchers are trying to figure out how to get robots to do it, by looking at the behavior of squirrels and birds.
At Georgia Tech, a team led by Ronald Arkin, a professor at the School of Interactive Computing, studied the literature on squirrels hiding their acorns (橡果). Squirrels will hide their food in a certain place, but when they see other squirrels trying to steal from them, they attempt to fool the thieves by running to a false location.
Ronald Arkin and his Ph.D. student Jaeeun Shim used that as a model for robot behavior. They programmed the robot into tricking a “predator (捕食者)” machine by doing what a squirrel does: showing the enemy a false location for an important resource.
The team also looked at how other animals—in this case, a species of bird called an Arabian babbler—drive off predators. A babbler will make an alarm call when they see a predator and other babblers will join the bird and make more calls. They then surround the predator, all the while flapping (拍打) wings and making noises. The babblers don’t ever actually fight the animal they want to drive off; they just make enough noises and flaps around enough so that it seems that attacking a babbler isn’t worth it.
They found that the deception works when the group reaches a certain size—essentially, when enough birds arrive to convince the enemy that it’s best to back off. Davis modeled that behavior in software using a military scene and found that it worked even if the group didn’t have the firepower to confront the enemy directly.
The military is interested in this because a robot that can fool an opponent is a valuable tool. It could lead an enemy down a false trail or make itself look more dangerous than it actually is.
68. Why does the military want to take advantage of squirrels’ tricks?
A. It can reduce the use of firepower to confront the enemy.
B. It can fool the enemy into believing it is more dangerous.
C. It can lead the enemy in a wrong direction to avoid losing resources.
D. It can scare the enemy away who wants to destroy the acorns.
69. Which of the following is NOT the way Arabian babblers drive off predators?
A. They make an alarm and other birds will join it.
B. They fight the enemy bravely face to face.
C. They make noises and flaps around the predator.
D. They force the predator aware that it isn’t worthwhile to attack.
70. What is the main idea of the passage?
A. Animals’ behaviors are researched to be applied to the study of military robots.
B. Robots’ fooling tricks are applied to the study of animals’ behaviors.
C. Birds and squirrels are the animals that are good at deception.
D. Researchers are interested in animals’ military-related behaviors.
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
71
Examinations are almost always stressful. Students rarely know exactly what to expect on the test, and those who suffer from exam fear or exam anxiety can see their grades suffer as a result of this stress. For some students, exam fear causes them to “seize up” and forget what they have studied. 72 Good study habits and learning how to relax can help students overcome exam fear.
73 According to Penn State University and Kids Health, proper study habits and preparation are the keys to cutting out exam fear. Avoid last-minute “cramming” for exams and actively listen while in class.
Focus on positive thoughts, relax the night before your test and reward yourself after the test is over. Often, people who suffer from exam anxiety cannot shut out negative thoughts or emotions about the test, and this can contribute to feeling more anxiety than normal. 74
Keep your mind and body healthy by getting enough sleep, eating well and exercising. Healthier people who are well-rested often do better on exams.
75 Exam fear is normal. When that anxiety severely interferes (干扰) with your ability to take the test, however, outside help might be needed. Ask your teachers and family for support and help.
A. How to become a success
B. How to overcome exam fear
C. Develop good study habits.
D. Understand that you are not alone and ask for help if necessary.
E. Remind yourself that it’s just one test and that you can get through it.
F. Battling this type of performance anxiety can be hard, but it is not impossible.
G. Remind your child to read the instructions carefully.
第II卷
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Yesterday, Li Mei goes to a store to return a shirt without carrying the receipt (收据). When she got there, she refused. The salesman said that he wouldn’t take it back if she showed him the receipt . Thinking it was no way out, Li Mei put the shirt back in her bag and left. Suddenly two shop guard stopped her and began to search for her. They found the shirt in the bag and looked at it careful. Many eyes were staring at her, what made Li Mei very embarrassing. Luckily, a salesman came up in time and she was allowed to go.
第二节：书面表达（满分25分）
假定你是李华，准备在高中毕业后的暑假参加美国耶鲁大学的暑期课程（Yale Summer Session 2013）。请写一封电子邮件给负责人Ms. Sullivan，说明自己的情况并询问相关事宜。内容主要包括:
1. 介绍自己写邮件的原因;
2.询问暑期课程的设置情况（如课程内容，课程数量，时间安排等）;
3.询问参加暑期课程期间的住宿情况（如是否可以住在学校宿舍里）。
注意: 1.词数100左右;
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯;
3.邮件开头已为你写好。
Dear Ms. Sullivan,
I'm Li Hua, a middle school student from China.________________________________________________
_______________________________________ __________________________________ Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
