There is no (not any) map on the wall.墙上没有地图（否定句）
Is there anything wrong with your ears？你的耳朵出毛病了吗？（疑问句）(Yes，there is/No，there isn’t.)
②了解There be与have所表示的意义：There be句型表示“存在”关系，have表示“所属”关系，两者不能混合在一个句子中。如：我们要说“明天有一个班会。”
There is going to/will be a class meeting tomorrow.（√）
There will have a class meeting tomorrow.（×）
故There will have是错误的搭配方式。
（5）并列句。
①理解并列句的构成：简单句+并列连词+简单句；
②掌握常用的连接词：and，also，or，so，but，yet，both...and，either...or，neither...nor，not only...but also的用法。
（6）复合句。
①了解复合句的类型，包括名词性从句（宾语从句、主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句）、定语从句、状语从句等；
②熟练掌握宾语从句的用法；
③掌握主语从句、表语从句的用法；
④掌握时间状语从句、地点状语从句、条件状语从句、目的状语从句、结果状语从句和原因状语从句的用法；
⑤了解比较状语从句、让步状语从句和定语从句的用法。
a. 宾语从句
宾语从句是名词性从句的一种，它可以作动词、介词的宾语，是由关联词加简单
句构成的。宾语从句用陈述句语序。引导宾语从句的有以下关联词：
●从属连词that
that本身没有含义，只起连接作用，在从句中不作句子成分，且在口语和非正式文体中常省略，如：
I believe （that） you know a lot about shopping online. 我相信你非常了解网上购物。
●从属连词if或whether
if和whether的意思都是“是否……”，在大多数情况下可以互换使用。但whether可以和or not连用，if则不能，如：
I don’t know if （whether）you can help me. 我不知道你是否能帮助我。
●连接代词who，whom，whose，what，which，whoever，whatever，whichever等。它们本身都有相应的含义，在从句中要作相应的句子成分，如：
Do you know whose book it is? 你知道这是谁的书吗？
I did what he had told me. 我按照他告诉我的做了。
●连接副词 where，when，how，why。它们本身都有相应的含义，在从句中作状语，如：
He asked me when and where I had got the nice bag. 他问我什么时间在哪里买了这个好看的包包。
注意：宾语从句主要考查连词，语序，时态的照应。
b．主语从句
引导主语从句的连接词有从属连词that, whether; 连接代词who, whom, whose, whoever, what, whatever, which等以及连接副词when, why, how, where等。如：
What he said is right.他说的是正确的。
It is fine that he has passed the exam.他通过了考试，太好了。
c．表语从句
引导表语从句的连接词语引导主语从句的连接词相同。如：
That is why he hasn’t come yet. 那是他没有来的原因。
The problem is whether we should ask them for help.问题是我们是否应该向他们求助。
d. 定语从句
●由关系代词who，whom引导的定语从句。二者都是指人，在从句中作主语和宾语，作宾语时可以省略。如：
The man who was here yesterday is a teacher.昨天在这里的那个人是一位老师。
The woman(whom)you saw in my room yesterday is my mother. 昨天你在我房间里看到的人是我妈妈。
● 由关系代词that，which引导的定语从句。在限制性定语从句中that既可以指物与which通用，也可以指人与who, whom 通用。在定语从句中可以作主语，宾语，作宾语时可以省略。如：
The letter（that/which）I received yesterday I is from my family.昨天我收到的那封信是我家人写的。
She is the girl(who/whom/that) I met on my way home. 她就是我在回家路上遇到的那个女孩。
● 了解在限制性定语从句中只用who, whom 的现象以及that 与which 区别；
● 了解在非限制性定语从句中只能用which, 不用that。如：
I broke the glass, which made my mother unhappy.我打碎了玻璃杯，这让妈妈很生气。
● 由关系代词whose 引导的定语从句。whose 既可以指人，也可以指物。在定语从句中作定语，相当于所有格形式。如：
I know the girl whose name is Mary. 我认识那个叫名字玛丽的女孩。
That is our classroom whose roof is flat.那个平房顶的教室是我们的。
● 了解由关系副词when，where，why引导的定语从句。如：
I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing.我仍然记得第一次到北京的日子。
The hospital where my mother works is in the north of the city.我妈妈工作的医院在城市的北边。
注意：定语从句主要考查关系词的判断。即关系代词和关系副词的区别，关系代词在定语从句中常充当主语，宾语，定语等，而关系副词在定语从句中只充当状语，并且what不能引导定语从句。
e. 状语从句
● 掌握时间状语从句、地点状语从句、条件状语从句、目的状语从句、结果状语从句和原因状语从句的用法；
● 时间状语从句
时间状语从句表示动作发生的时间，常由when，while，before，after，as soon as 等引导，如：
The film had already begun when I got to the cinema. 我到电影院时，电影已经开始了。
My brother studied at No. 1 Middle School before he joined the army. 我弟弟参军前在第一中学学习。
I’ll write to you as soon as I get there. 我一到那里就给你写信。
注意：时间状语从句主要考查主句和从句的时态的照应。
● 地点状语从句
地点状语从句表示动作发生的地点，常由where（……的地方）引导，如：
Where there is a will，there is a way. 有志者，事竟成。
● 原因状语从句
原因状语从句常由because（因为），as（因为，由于），since（因为，由于，既然）等引导，如：
I did it because he told me to. 我做这事，是因为他让我做的。
As you were out，I left a message. 因为你不在，我留了一张字条儿。
Since you are unable to answer perhaps we should ask someone else.既然你回答不了,也许我们该问别人.
● 条件状语从句
条件状语从句常由if（如果），unless（除非）等引导，如：
If you love life, life will love you back.热爱生活，生活也会厚爱你。
You will fail unless you study hard. 除非你努力学习，否则你将不及格。
注意：条件状语从句主要考查主句和从句的时态。
● 了解目的状语从句、比较状语从句、结果状语从句、让步状语从句的用法。
1）目的状语从句
目的状语从句常由so that（为了，以便），in order that（目的在于，为了，以便）等引导，如：
He got up early so that he could catch the train. 他早早就起床了，以便他能赶上火车。
Let’s take the front seats in order that we may see more clearly. 我们坐到前排去,以便可以看得更清楚些.
2）结果状语从句
结果状语从句常由so．．．that（如此……以至于……），such．．．that（这样……以至于……）等引导，如：
It was so hot that I didn’t fall asleep. 天气太热以至于我睡不着觉。
We left in such a hurry that we forgot to lock the door. 我们走得匆忙, 都忘锁门了。
注意：结果状语从句主要考查so和such的区别, so是副词修饰形容词或副词；而such是形容词修饰名词。但是当名词前有many、much、little、few时用so。判断的方法是从that处断开看that前是否是名词（so+形容词+a/an+名词除外）。
3）比较状语从句
比较状语从句常由more．．．than（比……更……），as…as（和……一样……）等引导，如：
There are more students in class one than in class two. 一班比二班学生多。
Tom is as tall as Jack. 汤姆和杰克一样高。
4）让步状语从句
让步状语从句常由although, though（尽管，虽然）等引导，如：
He is unhappy although / though he has a lot of money. 他虽然有很多钱，但并不幸福。
Child as he is, he knows a lot.虽然他是个孩子，但他知道很多事情。
（7）掌握直接引语变间接引语的方法和规律
① 直接引语若是陈述句。将其变为间接引语时，用连词that引导（that在口语中常常省略），且从句中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等要根据具体语境做相应的变化。
A 人称的变化。如：
He said, “I want to see you”. 他说：“我要见你”。
→He said that he wanted to see me. 他说他要见我。
B．时态的变化。
如果主句的谓语动词为现在时，将直接引语变为间接引语时，从句谓语动词在时态方面则无须变化；如果主句的谓语动词是过去时，则从句的谓语动词在时态方面要做相应的变化。一般变化情况如下表所示。
将直接引语转换成间接引语时的时态的变化
一般现在时→一般过去时
现在进行时→过去进行时
现在完成时→过去完成时
一般过去时→过去完成时
过去完成时不变
一般将来时→过去将来时
注意：
a．如果直接引语是表示客观规律的，那么时态仍然用一般现在时，如“The earth moves around the sun.”The teacher told us.→The teacher told us the earth moves around the sun.
b．当直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日作状语，将其变为间接引语时，时态不变，如：
Xiao Wang said，“I was born on April 2l，1980.”→Xiao Wang said that he was born on April 21，1980.
C．指示代词，表示时间、地点的副词或时间状语和个别动词在由直接引语变成间接引语时的变化规则如下所示。
this→that，these→those，now→then/at that moment，today→that day，yesterday→the day before，the day before yesterday→two days before，tomorrow→the next day/the following day，the day after tomorrow→two days after/in two days，next week/month/year→the next week/month/year，last week/ month/year →the week/month/year before，here→there，come→go，bring→take。
② 直接引语若是疑问句。将其转换为间接宾语时，应将疑问句的语序改为陈述句的语序，且句末用句号。其人称、时态等相应的变化也与转述陈述句的间接引语相同，如：
He said，“Are you good at English，John?”
→He asked John if he was good at English.
③直接引语若是特殊疑问句。将其转换为间接引语时，应将原来的疑问词引导的宾语从句，并需将疑问式改为陈述式，且句末用句号，如：
“Which room do you live in?” He asked. →He asked me which room I lived in.
④直接引语若是祈使句。将其变为间接引语时，间接引语应改为“tell（ask，order等）．．．（not） to do．．．”句型，如：
The teacher said to the students，“Stop talking.” →The teacher told the students to stop talking.
He said，“Don’t make so much noise，boys.” →He told the boys not to make so much noise.
（8）了解主谓一致的用法。
（9）了解倒装句。
(10) 了解虚拟语气的用法。
（三）交际运用
测试考生在特定的对话情景中运用语言进行交际的基本技能。
1．日常交际用语
（1）问候（Greetings）
① a：How are you?
b：Fine，thank you，and you/how about you?
a：Very well，thank you.
（How is your mother?/How are your things?/How’s it going?）
② Hello/Hi.
③ Good morning/afternoon/evening.
④ Nice/Glad/Pleased to see/meet you.（How do you do?）
（2）介绍（Introductions）
a：Tom，Let me introduce you to…/Tom，I want you to meet…/Tom，I’d like you to meet…/It’s a great pleasure for me to introduce…
b：Hello! /Nice/Glad/Pleased to see/meet you. /How do you do? /It’s a great pleasure to meet you.
（3）告别（Taking leave）
a：I’m afraid I must be leaving now. /I think it’s time for us to leave now.
b：Good-bye（Bye-bye），have a good evening/have a nice day/take care（of yourself）. /Bye! Good luck. /See you later. /So long. /See you.
（4）感谢和应答（Thanks and responses）
a：Thank you（very much）. /Thanks a lot./Many thanks. /Thanks for…
b:You’re welcome./It’s my pleasure./That’s all right./It’s very kind/nice of you to…/Not at all.
（5）请求和应答（Requests and responses）
a:Could/Would you(do)…,(please)? /Sorry to trouble you,but could you(do)…,please?/Would you mind(doing)…?
Please give/Pass me…
Please wait（here/a moment）.
Please wait（for）your turn.
Please stand in line/line up. Please hurry.
Don’t rush（hurry）/crowd. /No noise，please. /No smoking，please.
b：（接受请求）Yes，of course. /Certainly. /I’d be glad to. /No problem.
（拒绝请求）I’m afraid not./I’m sorry，but…/I wish I could，but…
（6）祝愿和应答（Good wishes and responses）
a：Good luck! /Best wishes to you! /I wish you good luck/success! /Have a nice/good time.（Happy New Year! /Merry Christmas!）
b：Thank you. The same to you.
（7）祝贺、称赞和应答（Congratulations，Compliments and responses）
Congratulations:
a：Congratulations!/Congratulations on your new job/exam results. /I’m so delighted/pleased（to hear）about…/Well done!
b：Thank you./Thank you for saying so.
Compliments：
a：What a lovely…! /I think it’s super/great. /I really like your…
b：That’s very nice/ kind of you to say so. /You’re too kind. /I’m glad you like it/think so.
（8）道歉和原谅（Apologizing and forgiving）
a. I’m sorry for/about…/I beg your pardon./Please excuse me for（doing）…/I（do）apologize for…
b：It’s/That’s all right./ It doesn’t matter. /Oh，forget it!/ No problem. /Oh，well，not to worry.
（9）征求许可和应答（Asking for permission and responses）
a：May/Can/Could I…? /Is it all right if I…? /Do/Would you mind if I…?
b：（允许）OK./Yes，Of course（you may）. /Sure/Certainly. /Yes，（do）please. /Go ahead，please. /That’s OK/all right. /Not at all.
（不允许）I’m sorry（I’m afraid）you can’t./I’m sorry，but…/You’d better not. /No，please don’t.
（10）提供（帮助等）和应答（Offers and responses）
a：Can/Could/Shall I help you? /Is there anything（else）I can do for you? /Do you want me to…? /What can I do for you? /Let me do/carry/help…（for you）. /Would you like some…?
b：（接受）Thanks. That would be nice/fine. /That’s very kind of you. /Thank you for your help. /Yes，please.
（拒绝）No，thanks/thank you. /Thank you all the same. /That’s very kind of you，but…
（11）赞同和反对（Agreeing and Disagreeing）
Agreeing：
I quite agree./You’re quite right./I’d go along with you there/on that. /I take your point. /I couldn’t agree more!
Disagreeing：
Do you really think so?/I wouldn’t agree./I can’t accept that./I’m sorry，but I really can’t agree with you there/on that./I’m not so sure about that.
（12）邀请和应答（Invitations and Responses）
For example：
a：邀请人 b：被邀请人
a：Would you like to（do）…?/I’d like to invite you to…/What/How about（doing）…? /Why don’t you（do）…? /What/How about…?
b：（接受邀请）Yes，I’d love to. Thanks./That sounds very nice.（What a nice idea.）Thank you./That’s very kind of you. Thank you.
（拒绝邀请）I’d love/like to，but I’m afraid…/I’d love to，but I’m sorry I can’t./I wish I could，but…/That’s very kind/nice of you，but I’m afraid…/I’m sorry I can’t. What about next time?
（13）责备与抱怨（Complaining）
a：I’m sorry to have to say this，but…/Must you always…?/I don’t want to mention this，but…
b：（接受）Oh，I’m so sorry about that. /I’m so sorry，I didn’t realize. /I’m so sorry，but I’ll do what I can. /I apologize for（doing）…
（拒绝）Well，I’m afraid there is nothing/isn’t much we can do about it，actually.
（14）禁止与警告（Prohibition and warnings）
You can’t/mustn’t…/You’d better not do it. /Don’t smoke!
If you…，you’ll…/Don’t be late! /Look out! /Take care! /Be careful!
（15）劝告和应答（Advice and responses）
a：Could you give me some advice（about…）? /What shall I do…?
b：Personally，I would advice you to（do）…/I suggest you（do）…/I think you should（do）…
a：（接受）That sounds/seems like a good idea/good advice. Thank you. /Yes，great/fine!/Yes，I’ll do/try that. Thanks.
（拒绝）I’m not sure I can do that. You see…/Isn’t there anything else I can/could（do）…?
（16）建议和应答（Suggestions and responses）
a：What would you like to（do）…? /What do you suggest we（do）…? /What shall we（do）…?
b：You’d better（not）（do）…/What/How about（doing）…? /Why don’t you/we（do）…?
a：（接受）That sounds/seems like a good idea/good advice. Thank you. /Yes，great/fine!/Yes，I’ll do/try that. Thanks.
（拒绝）That’s a good idea，but I’m afraid…/I’d rather not. /That’s all very well，but…/You/We could do，but…
（17）表达情感（Moods and Feelings）
① 焦虑（Expressing anxiety）：
What’s wrong? /What’s the matter（with you）? /I’m/He’s/She’s worried. /Oh，what shall I/we do?
② 不悦（Expressing unhappy feelings）：
I feel/I’m feeling worried. /I’m worried about…/I’m sick of…/My goodness! /I’m most upset about…
③ 喜悦（Expressing pleasure）：
I’m pleased/excited about…/Oh,how nice/wonderful!/It’s good news./I’m glad/pleased/happy to…/That’s nice/wonderful/great.
（18）询问时间、日期和应答（Asking the time，date and responses）
a:What day is(it)today? /What’s the date today? /Excuse me. What time is it by your watch? /What’s the time,please?
b：It’s Monday./It’s January 10th./It’s five o’clock/five thirty（half past five）/a quarter past（to）six. /It’s time for/to…
（19）意见（Expressing opinions）
In my opinion, …/ I think (that)…/I’m sure/certain(that)…/So far as I know…
(20)鼓励(Encouragement)
Cheer up! /Be brave! /Well done! /Great! /Don’t give up. /Try it again.
(21)讨价还价(Bargaining)
① Give me a discount. 给我打个折吧。
② Can you lower the price a little bit? / Can you give me a little deal on this? 能便宜一点给我吗？
③ Is there any discount on bulk（大量）purchases? 我多买些能打折吗？
④ Could you sell it for less? / Can you give me this for cheaper? 能再便宜点吗？
⑤ How much (do you want for this)? （这件东西你想卖）多少钱？
⑥ If you don’t give me a better price, I won’t buy this. 如果价格不更优惠些，我是不会买的。
⑦ What’s the lowest price you’re willing to go? 最低你能出什么价？
⑧ It is the best price that I can offer. 这是我能给的最理想的价格。
⑨ How about 20 percent off? 打8折怎样？
2. 考生能够运用日常交际用语围绕以下话题进行交际
（1）个人与家庭（Personal information and family）
个人信息、亲友、友谊、家庭活动
（2）学校生活（School life）
校园设施、校园活动、老师与学生、课程
（3）日常生活（Daily life）
文明礼仪、饮食、购物、天气、服装、广告
（4）休闲娱乐（Leisure and entertainment）
运动、音乐、电影、游戏、兴趣、爱好
（5）健康（Health）
疾病、就医、健身
（6）居住环境（Living environment）
社区、安全、家居、公共设施
（7）出行（Travel）
旅游、交通、问路、预订
（8）科学技术（Science and technology）
网络、通信、传播
（9）工作（Work）
职业、计划、求职、生涯规划
（10）节日与习俗（Festival and customs）
中外节日、风俗习惯
（四）完形填空
“完形填空”是英语试题中必考的题型之一。它是典型的考查学生综合能力的测试题型，也是学生最容易丢分的一个题型。试题形式是最常见的“四选一”形式的题型。
（五）阅读
考生能读懂难度相当于所学课文的不同题材和体裁的文字材料。文字材料生词率不超过3%。要求考生通过阅读能够把握其中心思想和主要内容，能对相关信息进行分析和推理判断。
（六）翻译
考生能用所学的词汇及语法结构，将所给汉语翻译成英语。要求用词准确、结构完整、无语法和拼写错误。
四、教材中常用短语及重点词汇
《英语》 第1册
Unit 1
welcome to… be glad to… a lot of
show sb. sth. next to let sb. do sth.
a great many after class thank sb. for…
Unit 2
a month ago get to at first
follow sb. show concern about with the help of…
be strange to sb. practice doing sth. on weekdays
go well have a good time text message
Unit 3
be kind to sb. help sb. do sth. enjoy doing sth.
both of be grateful to… look like
make + n. + adj. be popular with… on the right of
a pair of think about be full of…
Unit 4
by plane Will you please… on time
look forward to doing sth. leave for on line
in great joy be busy with by plane
Unit 5
make…into trouble more and more be allowed to do…
whether…or not have no idea have no way to do
find out point at not…but…
be in trouble
Unit 6
take…as not so…as show …to
such as all over the world hundreds of
Unit 7
at the beginning of… be good for give up learn…by heart at one time
think over as much as possible be able to it’s necessary for…to…
Unit 8
click away plan to do sth. make a tour of
lie on go on… that’s to say
as early as possible have a great time in spring/summer/autumn/ winter
Unit 9
would like to… spend the long holiday… gather together
prepare for sweep out hang up
on both sides of at midnight set off
dress up show respect to… learn…from
Unit 10
in a different way take care of… talk about…
share…with in such case be(get)angry with
make friends make progress in fact
《英语》 第2册
Unit 1
cut down wake up use up
be covered with nothing but die from
not only… but also
Unit 2
be considered as make a decision come into one’s sight
place an order log onto shopping online
key … in… place the order search engine
Unit 3
move along blast off be regarded as
connect…and… burst into make contribution to
Unit 4
either…or for instance play an important part in
make one’s way dozens of in need of
Unit 5
come into being keep…company more than
at that moment as if because of
Unit 6
at least mix…with due to
result in beyond one’s expectation what’s more
be sentenced to originate from add to
Unit 7
not…any more account for be harmful to
be forced to be linked to here and there
Unit 8
qualify…for knock down by the time
on one’s way insert…into set…record
attempt to in the fact of in one’s eyes
Unit 9
a number of spread out at high speed
be located in in all directions in advance
begin with from all parts of China scenic spot
Unit 10
in one’s post heart and soul according to
belong to be proud of pretend to
五、《英语》（精品教材）第1, 2册课后语法知识
《英语》第1册
Unit 1 1．“主—系—表”句型 2．There be…句型
Unit 2 1．名词（名词的数和名词所有格） 2. have “拥有”的用法
Unit 3 代词 （人称、物主、反身`、指示、疑问、不定、关系）
Unit 4 数词（基数词、序数词、数词的用法）
Unit 5 冠词（定冠词、不定冠词、零冠词的用法）
Unit 6 谓语动词的时态Ⅰ（一般现在、一般过去、一般将来、现在进行）
Unit 7 形容词、副词的三级及其常用句型
Unit 8 谓语动词时态Ⅱ（现在完成、过去完成、过去将来、过去进行）
Unit 9 被动语态（构成、疑问式和否定式、被动语态的用法）
Unit 10 句子成分（主、谓、宾、表、定、壮、补）及句子种类（陈述句、疑问句祈使句和感叹句或简单句、并列句和复合句）
《英语》 第2册
Unit 1状语从句（时间状语从句、地点状语从句、原因状语从句、条件状语从句目的状语从句、比较状语从句、让步状语从句、结果状语从句）
Unit 2 宾语从句
Unit 3 直接引语与间接引语
Unit 4 动词不定式（作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、状语）
Unit 5构词法1．合成法（合成名词、合成形容词、合成代词）2．转化（名词转化动词、形容词转化动词、动词转化名词）3. 派生法（前缀、后缀）
Unit 6 定语从句1.（关系代词which that who whom whose和介词+关系代词）2.(when where why)
Unit 7 动词的-ing形式Ⅰ（作主语、表语、宾语）
Unit 8动词的-ing形式Ⅱ（作定语、状语、宾补）
Unit 9过去分词的用法（作表语、定语、状语、宾补）
Unit 10情态动词（can/could,
be able to; may/might; shall/should; will/would; must/have to和ought to）
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