3. 虚拟语气在条件从句中的用法
(1)表示与现在事实相反的情况
其句型为“if + 主语 + 动词的过去式(be动词用were),主语+ would / could / might / should + 动词原形”。
If the weather were fine, we would go to Shanghai. If they had time, they would go with me.
(2)表示与过去事实相反的情况
其句型为“if + 主语 + 动词的过去完成式,主语 + would / could / should / might + have+动词的过去分词”。
If I had taken his advice, I shouldn’t have made such a mistake.
(3)表示与将来事实可能相反的情况。
其句型为“if + 主语 + 动词的过去式/ were/ should + 动词原形(were to +动词原形),主语 +would/ could/ might/ should + 动词原形”。
The glass would break if you dropped it. If it should rain, the crops would/ could/ might be saved.
4. 虚拟语气在宾语从句中的用法
(1)wish后的宾语从句。
① 动词用过去式表示目前未能实现的愿望。
I wish I knew the answer to the question.
② 用过去完成式表示在过去未能实现的愿望。
I wish I hadn’t wasted so much time.
③ 用“would/ might + 动词原形”表示对将来的主观愿望。
I wish it would stop raining.
(2)在 ask, desire,request,demand,require,beg,move,suggest,recommend,advise, decide,order,maintain,urge,insist 后的宾语从句中,常用“should(可省略)+ 动词原形”形式。
The doctor suggested that he (should) try to lose his weight. She insisted that I should finish the work at once.
三、实例分析
例 1. —How’s your tour around the North Lake? Is it beautiful?
—It be, but it is now heavily polluted.
A. will B. would C. should D. must
答案:C。本题考查情态动词的用法。should译为“应该”,含有批评的语气。
例 2. My MP4 player isn’t in my bag. Where _______ I have put it?
A. can B. must C. should D. would
答案:A。本题考查情态动词的用法。在否定和疑问句中只能用can表推测。
例 3. —My cat’s really fat.
—You ______ have given her so much food.
A. wouldn’t B. couldn’t C. shouldn’t D. mustn’t
答案:C。本题考查should not (ought not to ) have + done:原本不该……的用法。shouldn’ t have done表示本不应该做某事但实际上却做了,含有责备的语气。
例 4. —Did you catch the first bus this morning?
—If I _______ earlier, I _______ the bus.
A. got up; would catch B. should get up; could catch
C. had got up; would have caught D. had got up; would catch
答案:C。本题考查虚拟语气由条件状语从句If引导的用法。先排除D项;A项表示对现在的虚拟;B项表示对将来的虚拟;C项则表示对过去的虚拟。根据this morning可得知,该事已经发生。
例 5. I wish I _____ you yesterday.
A. seen B. had seen C. did see D. were to see
答案:B。本题考查wish后的宾语从句表示虚拟语气的用法。表示与过去事实相反的虚拟,宾语从句中的谓语动词用had+过去分词;表示与现在事实相反的虚拟,宾语从句中的谓语 动词用过去式。根据yeterday的提示,此处表示与过去事实相反的虚拟。
第九章 非谓语动词
一、 考试要点
非谓语动词的分类、构成以及在句子中充当的成分和基本用法
二、知识要点
1. 非谓语动词的分类
动词不定式,动名词和分词等三种形式。分词又分为现在分词和过去分词两种。
2. 非谓语动词的构成(以动词do为例)
(1)动词不定式:to do ( sth.)
(2)动名词:doing (sth.)
(3)分词:doing (sth.) / done
3. 非谓语动词在句子中的成分和基本用法
(1)动词不定式:可作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、宾语补足语。
① To learn English well is difficult.
② I want to go shopping with you.
③ My dream is to be an actor.
④ We always have a lot of homework to do.
⑤ To catch the bus, he got up very early this morning.
⑥ Our teacher asks us to clean the classroom every day.
(2)动名词:可作主语、宾语、表语、定语。
① Reading in bed is bad for your eyes.
② He enjoys listening to jazz.
③ My hobby is collecting stamps.
④ There is a swimming pool near my house.
(3)分词:作表 语、定语、状语、 宾语补足语。
① We were all excited when hearing the news.
② China is a developing country.
③ The students went to the bus stop, talking and laughing.
④ I saw him playing on the playground.
三、实例分析
例 1. Don’t forget a bag when you go shopping.
A. take B. to take C. taking D. took
答案:B。本题考查forget后跟动词不定式和动名词的用法。forget to do表示“忘记要去做的事情”;而forget doing则表示“忘记已经做过的事情”。本题的题干是:当你去购物时,别忘了带上袋子。
例 2. She tried hard, but she still couldn’t make us ______ our mind.
A. to change B. changed C. change D. changing
答案:C。本题考查动词不定式做宾语补足语的用法。动词不定式在有些动词后作宾语补足语时不带to,这些动词有两类:一类是感官动词,如:hear,see,watch,notice,feel等;另一类是使役动词,如:let,have,make等。本句中的make则属于该种用法。
例 3. I find _____ not good _____ bed late in the evening.
A. it; going B. that; going C. it; to go to D. that; to go to
答案:C。本题考查动词不定式中形式宾语的用法。当复合宾语中的宾语为动词不定式 时,须将动词不定式放在宾语补足语之后,而在宾语补足语之前用形式宾语it。本题中,to go to bed in the evening为动词不定式作宾语,而not good则为宾语补足语。在这种情况下,需要添 加it作形式宾语。
例4. It is no fun ______ to the park again.
A. going B. go C. went D. to go
答案:A。本题考查it/ there is no use/ good/ fun + doing这个固定用法。
例 5. _______ from the tallest building, the whole city looks very beautiful.
A. See B. Seeing C. Seen D. Saw
答案:C。本题考查现在分词和过去分词作状语时的区别。现在分词作状语时,其逻辑主语就是句子的主语,它和句子的主语之间是主动关系;过去分词作状语时,其逻辑主语不是句子的主语,它和句子的主语之间是被动关系。
第十章 介词和介词短语
一、考试要点
1.常见介词
2.介词短语的用法和易混介词的异同
二、知识要点
1. among,between
among 意为“在……中间”,表示在三者或三者以上的中间;between 意为“在……之间”,表示在两 者之间。
He is the tallest among the students. The apple is between two cups.
2. beside,besides,except,except for,but
(1)beside意为“在……旁边”,与by,at同义
I stood beside Tom.
(2)besides意为“除……以外还有”,包含在整体之中。
Besides these honors he received a sum of money.
(3)except 意为“除 ……之外”,从整体中减去。
We all failed except him.
(4) except for 意为“只是”,除去的东西与前面提到的东西不同类。
The carpet is good except for its price.
(5)but 意为“除……之外”,常用在no,不定式和疑问词后。
No one but me passed the exam yesterday
3. to,in,on在方位名词前的区别
(1)in表示“在某一范围之内”
Taiwan is in the southeast of China.
(2)to表示“在某一范围之外”
Japan lies to the east of China.
(3)on表示“位于”,某地与某地相邻
North Korea is on the east of China.
4. with,by,in表示行为的工具、手段、方式
(1)with用于有形的工具
He broke the window with a stone.
(2)by用于无形的工具或方式手段
He makes a living by selling newspapers.
(3)in使用材料,原料
I like to draw the picture in red ink.
5. in the way,in a way,by the way,on one’s way...
(1)in the way挡路;妨碍
Her social life got in the way of her studies.
(2)in a way 某个方面;在某种意义上
In a way, he was right.
(3)by the way是个语气词,即“附带说一句、顺便问一下、顺便说一声”之意
By the way, has everybody arrived?
(4)on one’s way在某人去……的路上
On his way home, he saw a very beautiful bird.
6. 常见的表示时间的介词
(1)in 在……
① in +年,月,年代,世纪,朝代,季节,上午,下午,晚上。
in the 20th century; in 1999; in winter; in September; in the morning/ afternoon/ evening
② 表示人生的一段时间。
in one’s life; in the school days
(2)on在……,o n+日,节假日,星期几,具体某一天的上午,下午或晚上。
on September 10th, on Christmas day, on Friday, on Monday evening。
(3)at
① 在……,at+某一时间点。如:at 7:00。
② at + 一段时间。如:at noon, at night。
三、实例分析
例 1. Would you like some bread _____ your coffee?
A. with B. to C. for D. in
答案:A。本题考查常用介词的基本用法。选项C、D虽然在语法上成立,但在逻辑上行不通。用with(表示“和……一起”)后,本句的意思为:喝咖啡时吃面包。
例 2. Everything was perfect for the picnic ______ the weather.
A. in spite of B. except C. except for D. in case of
答案:C。in spite of表示尽管;except表示除了之外;except for则为肯定整体,除去瑕疵;in case of表示以防万一。句意为:除了天气之外,一切都适合野餐。
例 3. Nancy has formed the habit of jogging ______ the street for one hour every day.
A. between B. along C. below D. with
答案:B。根据句意:Nancy已经形成每天沿着街道慢跑一个小时的习惯。表示“沿着”时,应用along。
第十一章 主从复合句
一、考试要点
1. 主从复合句中从句引导词的意义和基本用法
2. 名词性从句、定语从句、状语从句的基本用法
二、知识要点
1. 名词性从句
名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句和表语从句。
(1)主语从句
① It is bad news to him that he can’t go abroad for further study.
② Whether they will come or not is unknown.
③ Who will win the game is not clear.
( 2) 宾语从句
① The teacher told us (that) the earth moves around the sun.
② I didn’t know what we should do next.
③ Could you tell me when your father will be back?
(3)表语从句
① The problem is that who can help us.
② The question is whether he will come or not.
③ That is why I was late.
2. 定语从句
(1)关系代词引导的定语从句
①关系代词:who(主)、whom(宾)、whose(定);先行词为指人的名词或代词。
Do you know the woman who is talking with our teacher?
He is the man whom they are looking for.
She is the girl whose mother is a doctor.
② 关系代词:that(主/宾);先行词既可指人,也可指物;或人和物一起。
It was the most interesting novel that I have ever read.
I’ll never forget the people and things that I met when I lived in the countryside. He is the boy that I want to know.
(2)关系副词引导的定语从句
① when指时间,在定语从句中作时间状语。先行词为表示时间的名词或代词。
The days when people lived a miserable life were gone.
② where指地点,在定语从句中作地点状语。先行词为表示地点的名词或代词。
This is the factory where my father works.
③ why表原因,在定语从句中作原因状语。先行词通常为reason。
That is the reason why I was late.
3. 状语从句
(1)时间状语从句
由 when, while, as,until,till,before,after, as soon as 等引导。
We’ll let her know it as soon as she comes back.
(2)原因状语从句
由 as, since, because 等引导。
Since it is raining heavily, let’s watch TV at home.
(3)结果状语从句
由so ... that, such ... that 等引导。
The book is so interesting that I want to read it again.
(4)条件状语从句
由 if,unless,so(as) long as,in case 等引导。
If it is fine tomorrow, we will go hiking.
(5)让步状语从句
由though, although, even if( though), however, whatever,as 等。
He couldn’t come to the party though he wanted to.
(6)方式状语从句
由 as,as if (though)等引导。
We should do as our parents tell us.
(7)目的状语从句
由 so that, in order that 等引导。
We got up very early this morning in order that we could catch the first bus.
三、实例分析
例 1. This is the most beautiful city _____ I have ever visited.
A. that B. when C. which D. where
答案:A。本题考查定语从句的用法。先行词city前有最高级the most beautiful修饰,所以定语从句只能用that引导。
例 2. Please tell us _____ to the Qiushui Square.
A. how can we reach B. how we can reach
C. how can we get D. how we can get
答案:D。本题考查宾语从句的用法。宾语从句中要用陈述语序,而reach为及物动词,相当于get to。
例 3. The girl gave me a hand was in a blue dress.
A. who B. whose C. which D. when
答案:A。本题考查定语从句的用法。此处先行词为the girl,指人,因此首先可以排除 which和when。在从句中,缺少主语,所以可以确定此处应使用关系代词who。
例 4. Jingdong.com is a popular website people can sell and buy goods conveniently.
A. where B. which C. that D. what
答案:A。本题考查关系副词在定语从句中的用法。where引导定语从句,表示在……的地方。本题的题干意为:京东网是一个很受欢迎的网站,在这个网站,人们买卖货物都很方便。
例 5. she did was hard to understand.
A. What B. Whatever C. That D. Which
答案:A。本题考查关联词what在主语从句中的成分及含义。在本题主语从句中“what she did”中,what作主语,意为“所……的”。而whatever意为“无论什么”;that引导主语从句时,不承担句子成分并且无具体含义,因此B,C均不是正确选项。which随人在从句中可以承 担主语成分,但意为“哪一个”,因此也不是正确答案。
第十二章 主谓一致
一、考试要点
主谓一致的原则和基本用法
二、知识要点
主谓一致是指主语和谓语必须保持人称和数的变化的一致,即句子中谓语的变化要根据 句子主语的人称和数的形式来决定。
(1)主语是抽象概念短语或从句作主语时,谓语用单数形式。
What he said is true.
(2)两个以上的主语用and或both连接时,谓语用复数形式。
Both my father and my mother are workers.
(3)and连接的两个名词指同一个人或事物时,谓语用单数。
The professor and writer was present at the meeting just now.
(4)集体名词:如family,class,team,group,committee,audience等作为整体意义时,谓语用单数形式;如若指各个成员时,谓语动词用复数形式。
My family is a happy one. My family are all fond of singing.
(5)主语是单数而后面有 as well as,with,together with,like,but,except 等短语时,谓语动用单数形式。
She as well as her friends always goes shopping on Sundays.
(6)两个主语
两个主语由not only ... but also,either ... or,neither ... nor相连接时,在肯定句中谓语变化取决于后面;在疑问句中取决于前者。
Either he or I am wrong.
(7)主语为有生命的集体名词。如:people,police,cattle等作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。
The police are looking for the missing boy.
(8)金钱、时间、重量、长度和距离等名词作主语,虽为复数形式,但表示单一概念,谓语动词用单数。
Ten minutes is enough.
(9)a number of +复数名词,谓语动词用复数形式;the number of +复数名词,谓语动词用单数形式。
A number of the books are Chinese.
The number of the books in our school library is twenty thousand.
(10)one of +复数名词+ who/ which引导定语从句,who/ which在定语从句中做主语,从句谓语用复数;the ( only) one of +复数名词+who/ which引导定语从句,who/ which在从句中做主 语, 从句谓语用单数。
Tom is one of those people who have trouble making up his mind.
Tom is the one of those people who has trouble making up his mind.
(11)在there be句型中,并列的两个主语作主语,谓语动词按就近原则。
There is a book and some pens on the floor.
There are some pens and a book on the floor.
三、实例分析
例 1. Everyone except Li Ming and Wang Yang ______ there when the party began.
A. was B. is C. are D. were
答案:A。本题考查主语后面接 with,together with,including,like,as well as,except,but 等短语时的主谓一致问题。当主语接上述这些短语时,谓语动词不受这些词语的干扰,依然和主语本身保持一致。本题的主语是everyone,后接单数谓语动词。
例 2. A number of cars _______ parked in front of the park every day.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
答案:B。本题考查时态的用法以及a number of和the number of的区别。根据题意every day,可确定本句时态应使用一般现在时,先排除C、D项。A number of表示“一些,若干”,后跟可数名词的复数形式,其谓语动词也要使用复数形式;the number of表示“……的数量”,后 跟可数名词的复数形式,但谓语动词要使用单数形式。
例 3. Neither he nor I going to do sports after class.
A. am B. is C. are D. be
答案:A。本题考查由neither… nor连接的两个并列结构作主语时,谓语动词应根据就近原则与邻近的名词或代词保持一致这一用法。此处邻近的主语是I,因此谓语动词应该用am。
例 4. Nine years quite a long time.
A. is B. are C. were D. have been
答案:A。本题考查时间、金钱、距离、重量等概念的词作主语时的主谓一致问题。当上述词语作主语时,应将其视为整体,谓语动词用单数形式。
例 5. Both Tom and his mother _____ Hainan for Summer vacation.
A. has gone to B. have gone to C. have been to D. has been to
答案:B。本题考查并列结构作主语时的主谓一致以及have/ has been to和have/ has gone to的区别。have/ has been to表示“去过某地(现在已经回来)” ;have/ has gone to表示“去了某 地(现在还没回来)”。题干意为:Tom和他爸爸都去海南过暑假了。因此此处应选用have/ has gone to。用and或both ... and连接的并列结构作主语时,谓语动词通常用复数形式。
第十三章 倒装句
一、考试要点
倒装的概念,分类及基本用法
二、知识要点
1. 定义
倒装是指谓语动词在主语前的这种语序。倒装分为完全倒装和部分倒装两种。
完全倒装:Out rushed the boys to welcome the visitors.
部分倒装 :Are you a student?
2. 倒装结构的基本用法
(1)否定意义的副词:如:hardly,never,not, little, few,seldom等放在句首时,句子部分倒装。
Seldom have I met her recently.
(2)only +状语位于句首时,句子部分倒装。
Only through his help, can we succeed in solving the problem.
(3)so (neither, nor) +be(have,助动词或情态动词)+主语
He has been to Yunnan, so have I.
(4)here (there, now, then) +不及物动词+主语的句型结构中,句子完全倒装。但代词做主语时,主谓语序不变。
There goes the bell. Here you are.
(5)省略if的虚拟句型中,句子部分倒装。
Were he here, he would help us.
(6)no sooner ... than ...,hardly … when,not until 句型中,主句部分倒装。No sooner had he gone out than the bell rang.
(7)由as(虽然)引导的让步状语从句,用倒装形式。
Tired as he was, he kept on working.
三、实例分析
例 1. —I won’t go to Tiananmen Square in such a hot day. Will you?
—If you don’t, I.
A. So am B. Nor do C. So will D. Nor will
答案:D。本题考查“neither/nor助动词+主语”这一结构。这是前面所说的否定内容表示同样的看法。而If引导的条件状语从句,主句用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时。
例 2. Never _____ such a good English teacher before I came to this school.
A. do I meet B. had I met C. I met D. I had met
答案:B。本题考查否定词提前的部分倒装。将含有否定含义的副词(如never,seldom,not, little等)置于句首以示强调时,句中的主谓部分倒装。
例 3. Only in this way ______ the final Math exam.
A. can we pass B. we can pass C. can pass we D. pass can we
答案:A。本题考查only引起的倒装。为了强调only及其修饰的状语,常将它们移到句首,句中的主谓要部分倒装。
例 4. —Listen, there ________.
—Oh, yes. There .
A. goes the telephone bell; it goes B. goes the telephone bell; goes it
C. the telephone bell goes; it goes D. the telephone bell goes; goes it
答案:A。本题考查以there开头的倒装句的用法。当句子以副词here, there, now, then 等词开头,且谓语动词是be,come,go等不及物动词时,如果主语是名词,要完全倒装;如果主语是人称代词,仍用陈述语序。
例 5. Lucy had made great progress this term. , and .
A. So she has; so you have B. So she has; so have you
C. So has he; so have you D. So has he; so you have
答案:B。本题考查“so主语+助动词”和“so+助动词+主语”这两种句型的区别。题干的 意思是:Lucy这学期取得了很大进步。她确实取得了很大进步,你也一样。回答者中的第一个选项表示对前者的话表示赞同,主语是同一个人——Lucy,因此不用倒装。第二个选的主语 是you,表示:你和Lucy的情况一样,要用倒装。
完形填空的考核要求
完形填空是英语考试题中一种难度较高的综合能力测试题,此题涉及的知识面广,综合能力强,不但考查学生对语篇理解的连贯性,而且也考查语言使用的准确性。纵观近几年的江西省高等职业学校招生统一考试试题,完形填空的考点主要侧重于以下几个方面:
1. 空格涉及以考查文义为主,信息词汇(名词,动词,形容词,副词,连词,代词等实词为主)比重比较大,其中数词,冠词和情态动词均未涉及过。
2. 降低了考查单词本身词义的要求,常常结合具体语言环境以及文句之间关系的理解。
突出了对文章整体理解能力的考查,侧重测试英语习惯用法和英美语言文化背景知识的掌握。
完形填空答题基本技巧
做完形填空A部分时,通常要弄清语境,并依据上下文进行合理的分析,判断才能做出恰当的选项。具体可以分为以下三步:
1.通览全文,应先越过空格,通读全文,理顺题目的意思,找出信息词。这是做好完形填空的关键,因为完形填空的特点着眼于整体理解。我们应该依据首句的启示,通过逻辑思维,借助短文中关键词所提供的信息,越过空格,尽快把全文读完,建立语言的整体感,帮助我们了解短文大意。
2.仔细推敲,初定答案。在通读全文,了解大意的基础上,便着手答题。答题时要依据文章内容要求,结合文章的主题,综合运用所学的词汇,语法知识,对每个空进行认真分析,反复推敲,从而确定答案。
3. 复读检查,消除漏洞。完成所有的空缺后,应再次通读全文,看行文是否连贯,逻辑关系是否合理。复检时,可以语法入手检查时态,主谓一致,代词的性,名词的单复数,名词的所有格以及词语的搭配是否正确。遇到疑点,须根据中心思想,从语义,语法上加以权衡。
阅读理解的考核要求
阅读是我国考生接触英语,了解英语国家的文化和中西文化的异同点,培养跨文化意识的最主要途径,是高中英语教学和测试评价的重点。因此,阅读理解在试卷中所占权重较大。该部分要求考生读懂公告、说明、广告以及书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文章。考生应能:
(1)理解文章主旨要义
任何一篇文章都有一个主旨要义。有时从文章的第一个段落,甚至第一个句子即可得出文章的主旨要义。从这一段或这个句子读者会知道文章描述的是谁或什么(即文章的主题),也会了解作者希望读者了解主题哪些方面的内容。有时,文章的主旨要义则需从文章的字里行间进行推断。这类试题主要考查考生略读文章、领会大意的能力,它对考生的归纳、概括能力(如确定文章的标题)有一定的要求。
(2)理解文中具体信息
文章主题和中心思想的阐述往往需要大量细节信息的支持,这些细节对于理解全文内容至关重要,同时也是归纳和概括文章中心思想的基础。命题人员往往会要求考生根据不同的要求阅读文章,以获得某些特定的信息,或准确地寻找所需的细节。这类试题的答案有时比较直接,理解字面意思即可答题;有时则较为间接,需要归纳、概括和推理才能答题。
(3)根据上下文推断生词的词义
正确理解文章中单词或短语的含义是理解文章的第一步,也是理解文章的基础。不懂单词含义根本就谈不上理解文章。英语单词的含义并非完全等同于词典中所标注的汉语意思,其含义随不同的语境会有所不同。能根据上下文正确理解灵活变化的词义,才算是真正初步具备了一定的阅读理解能力。阅读文章时,常常会遇到一些生词,但许多这类生词的词义可以通过上下文推断出来。这种不使用词典而通过阅读上下文来推断生词含义的能力,是一个合格的读者所必须具备的能力,因此也是阅读测试中经常检测的一种能力。考生应能运用阅读策略,在有限的时间内快速获取和处理语篇中的信息,达到克服生词障碍,准确猜测词义的目的。
(4)作出简单判断和推测
阅读文章的主要目的是获取信息,即理解作者所要传达的信息。在实际的阅读活动中, 有时需要根据文章提供的事实和线索,进行逻辑推理,推测(infer)作者未提到的事实或某事发生的可能性等。
(5)理解文章的基本结构
英语文章讲究使用主题段和主题句。主题段通常在文章开头,简要概括文章的主题。主题句可能在一段的开头,也可能在中间或末尾,作用是交代该段的中心思想,再由全段展开或讨论这个主题。各个段落通常由某些起连接作用的词语连接,以使文章行文连贯。如果希望准确、深刻地理解一篇文章,必须对文章的结构有所了解,把握住全篇的文脉,即句与句、段与段之间的逻辑关系。对这种能力的考查,一般反映在理解文中某一段落的作用或某些词语的指代关系的题目中。
(6)理解作者的意图、观点和态度
每篇文章都有一个特定的写作目的,或是向读者传递某个信息,或是愉悦读者,或是讲授某个道理。而这些信息通常并不是明确地表达出来,而是隐含在文章之中。因此,这类问题要求考生在理解文章总体内容的基础上,去领会作者的言外之意。
(7)判断文章的背景和出处
每篇文章一般都有其相应的背景。考生在考试时不可能直接从媒体上阅读文章,而是从命题者摘选的篇章间接阅读。因此,考生除了理解文章主旨、细节、作者意图等信息外,还应从文章的题材、体裁、内容、语言特点等方面来判断文章的背景和出处。
情景交际的考核要求
补全对话题型要求考生阅读一则对话,并从所给的7个或5个选项中选出5个,将对话补全,具有较强的口语交际功能。主要考查考生在特定的语境中比较得体地表达自己的连贯意思的能力,是以笔试的形式考查考生英语口语交际能力,目的是为了弥补当前英语考试中尚无法进行统一口试的不足。其特点是注重交际应用,强调对交际对话篇的整体理解。补全对话题涉及的题材非常广泛,注重应用性,考生应该熟练掌握大纲中所列的话题和功能项目。
写作的考核要求
写作是四项语言技能中不可分割的一个重要部分,更是语言生成能力的重要表现形式。该部分要求考生根据情景和提示,在语篇中用单词的适当形式填空以及书面表述事实、观点、情感和想象内容。考生应能:
(1)正确拼写单词
单词拼写是英语写作的最基本的技能。考生应在理解语篇的基础上,根据句子意义、结构、单词在句子中的位置以及提示,拼写出形式正确的单词。
(2)准确运用语法和词汇
语言的准确性是写作中不可忽视的一个重要方面,因为它直接或间接地影响到信息的准确传输。准确运用语法结构和词汇是写作部分评分标准中的一项重要内容。
(3)灵活运用句型和词汇,清楚、连贯地表达思想
任何一篇文章都需要有一个主题,考生应该围绕该主题,灵活运用所学句型、词组、关联词等,恰当得体、清楚、连贯地表达自己的思想。
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