常考词汇
１．虚拟语气
１）用于宾语从句，从句谓语用should + 动词原形或只用动词原形。
这类动词有 order, demand, require, request requested (被请求的), direct, instruct (教导,命令), command (命令,指挥), urge (催促,促进), rule, suggest suggested (暗示的), advise (劝告,警告), vote (选举,表决), propose (提议,建议),proposed (被提议的), move, recommend (劝告,介绍), prefer, decide decided, insist (坚持,强烈要求), desire (愿望,欲望,要求),desired (渴望的,想得到的).
２）用于主语从句，从句谓语用should + 动词原形或只用动词原形。
这类动词有: vital (重要的,致命的), important, essential (必不可少的,必要的), necessary (必定,当然),unnecessary (不必要的,多余的), impossible (不可能的,做不到的), sad, strange (奇怪的,陌生的), fitting (适应,配合), proper (适当的,特有的), appropriate (适合的,恰当的), settled (固定的).
2． 不定式
1) 通常只接动词不定式作宾主的常考动词:
agree, attempt (试图,努力), claim (主张,断言), decide, demand (要求,需要), ask, beg (乞讨,请求), fail (失败,忘记), care, consent (同意,答应), promise (答应,有希望), desire, hope, intend (想要,打算,企图), learn, offer (提供,提议), plan (设计), refuse, pretend (假装), require, appear (好像是,仿佛), arrange, expect, manage, tend (倾向,照料), afford (供给,担负得起), wish, want, seem (好像,仿佛), struggle (斗争), threaten (威胁), wait, undertake (接受,承担), venture (冒险,敢于), seek (寻找,试图), resolve (决议,解决), aim (志在,瞄准), apply (申请,运用), profess. (表示), happen, guarantee (保证),neglect (疏忽,忽略), prove (证明,结果), trouble (打扰,费神), bother (打扰,麻烦), care (关心,喜欢), choose (选择,甘愿), etc.
2) 用于动词+宾语+不定式结构的常考动词:
force (强迫,迫使), hire (雇佣,租借), tell, require, teach (教书,教训), warn (警告), allow, ask, inform(通知,告发) beg, convince (使信服,使确信), expect, invite (邀请,招待), order, permit (允许,许可), promise (允许,答应), instruct (指示,命令), prepare (准备,预备), urge (鼓励,促进), remind (提醒), want, advise (忠告,通知), persuade (说服,使相信), cause (引起), dare (敢,胆敢), forbid (禁止), like, challenge (挑战), request, get, need, oblige (迫使,使感激), encourage (鼓励,促进), enable (使能够), compel (强迫,逼迫), recommend (劝告,推荐), declare (宣布,表明), prove (证明,鉴定), command (命令,指挥), lead (引导,带领), press (压,挤), etc.
3) 用于be+形容词+不定式结构的常考动词:
anxious (担心的,渴望的), dangerous (危险的,不安全的), pleased (高兴的,满足的), hard , eager (热心的,渴望的), easy, fortunate (幸运地,侥幸的), strange (奇怪的,陌生的), good, ready (现成的,情愿的), usual (通常的), prepared, surprised (感到惊讶的), common (普通的,公共的), useless (无用的,), asked , lucky, difficult (困难的,艰难的), likely (可能的,), careful (小心的,仔细的), sure (确信的,一定的), glad (高兴的,愉快的), sorry (难过的,悔恨的), bored (无聊的,烦人的), able, free, quick, willing., determined, afraid. etc.
4) 用于名词+不定式结构的常考名词:
failure (失败者), offer (提供,提议), plan, ability (能力,才能), decision (决定,果断), desire(愿望,要求), chance, permission (许可,允许), occasion (场合,时节), fun (玩笑), honor (荣誉,尊敬), wish, pleasure, opportunity, demand (要求,需求), way, refusal (拒绝,推辞), responsibility (责任,职责), freedom (自由,自主), promise, etc.
5) 后面跟省去 “to” 的不定式作宾补的常考动词:
see， watch, notice (注意,通告), observe (遵守,注意到), hear, listen to, feel (感觉,认为),get,make, have, let, help, know, look at, smell. etc.
6) 表结果的短语＋不定式：so…as to…, such…as to…, enough to…, only to…, too…to…
３．动名词:
1) 通常只接动名词作宾语的动词:
admit (承认,接纳), appreciate (感激,评价), avoid (避免,逃避), delay (推迟,延误), deny (否认,), enjoy, finish, miss, postpone (推迟,延期), put off (拖延), practice, quit (离开,停止), suggest, keep, complete (完成,结束), anticipate (期望,预料), discuss, understand, favor(喜爱,帮助), escape (逃避,避免), forgive, consider, prohibit (禁止,不准), mind, dislike, can’t help(禁不住), risk, involve, imagine (想象), look forward to (期望,盼望), can’t stand (不能忍受), consider, ensure, excuse, pardon, give up (放弃), include, keep on (遵守), report, suggest. involve, etc.
2) 常跟动名词作宾语的动词短语:
approve of (赞成), insist on (坚持,强调), persist in, spend in ,engage in (从事), depend on, keep on, rely on (依靠,信赖), worry about, succeed in, give up, calculate on (计算), lead to(通向,导致), contribute to (有助于), devote to (献身,投入), object to (反对), look forward to, confess to (承认), concentrate on(集中于), focus on (使集中于), etc.
3) 用于 “名词+介词+动名词”结构的名词:
pleasure in (以…为乐), opportunity of (…的机会), advise on (就…提出劝告), method for (…的方法), excuse for (…的借口), intention of (…的目的,意图), probability of (…的可能性), concern about (对…的关心), difficulty in (限于…的困境), trouble in (遇到…的麻烦), shortage of (…的不足), comment on (…的评论), importance of (…的重要性), necessity of (…的需要), approach to (接近/探讨…), etc.
4) 用于 “be+形容词+介词+动名词”结构的形容词:
accustomed to (习惯于…), afraid of (害怕…), fond of (对…的喜爱), successful in (在某方面的成功), capable of (有…的能力), tired of (厌烦做某事), interested in, intent on (在某方面的打算), keep on, used to, good at, particular about (…的细节), bent on (致力于….), engaged in (从事于/忙于做某事), involved in (限入), devoted to (把…奉献给,专心于…),etc.
5) 动词后可跟原形动词和动名词:：+do/doing
discover (发现,发觉), feel, find, force (强迫,迫使), get, imagine (想像,假想), etc..
６）v.+sb. into doing:，动词有：cheat (欺骗), trick (欺骗,哄骗), deceive (欺骗), fool（愚弄), shame (侮辱)，surprise（惊讶，吃惊）, talk．etc.７）v.+sb. from doing，动词有： prevent, stop, keep, hinder(阻碍), restrain(抑制), save(拯救，节省).
1. fill in out 填写表格 find out 查明,发现
2. get/put across 解释清楚 get along (with)与…相处
get at 到达,知道,领会,意思指 get away 走开,离开,逃脱
get by 通过,过得去,过活 get down 从…下来,写下
get sown to sth. 开始,着手做 get in 进入,参加,收获,收回,插嘴
get by heart 记住,背诵 get off 下车,动身离开
get out of 逃避，逃掉 get over 克服掉
get rid of 摆脱 get the best of 从中得到最大益处
get the better of 占据上风,胜过 get through 通过,完成,接通电话,花光钱
get to 到达,触及 3. go into 详述,调查,研究,从事
4. hand down 传下来,传给 go off 不再喜欢,爆炸,成功进行
hand in 上交 go out 熄灭,停止运转,过时
hand out 分发 go over 仔细查看,检查
hand over 移交,交付给 go through 检查,经历,遭遇
5. hang about/around 闲荡 go up 上升,被炸毁
hang on 等待片刻，抓紧不放 go without 不享受，没有也无妨
hang up 挂起来,挂断电话 go wrong 出毛病
6. head for 向…走去,驶向 7. help oneself to 自取所需
8. hold back 阻止前进,忍住,抑制 9. impose on 强人所难,欺骗
10. keep an eye on 留意照看 keep back 隐瞒,保留,阻止
keep down 限制,控制,降低 keep off 使不接近,避开
keep on 继续,反复地做 keep to 遵守,信守,坚持
stick to 坚持 adhere to 坚持
11. knock down 打倒,击倒 knock out 打昏,击昏
13. lay 置放,铺,设置,布置 lay aside 放在一边,储蓄
set aside 储蓄 put aside 储蓄
lay down 放下,规定,制订 lay out 安排,布置,设计
lay off 下岗,辞退 14. leave alone 听其自然,别管
15. lie in 在于 hold on 握住不放
16. line up 使排成行,排队 hold onto 紧紧抓住
17. live on (靠某人、某事)生活 hold out 伸出,坚持要求,不屈
live through 度过,经受过 hold up 举起,耽搁
live up to 遵守,不辜负期望 18. look after 照料,管理,关心
look at 看 look back 回顾,回头看
look down upon 看不起 look for 寻找
look forward to 期待着 look in 顺道访问
look into 调查,观察 look on 参观
look out 注意,留神 look over 把…看一遍，温习，查看
look through 浏览,通读 look up to 尊敬,敬仰
19. lose heart 失去信心 leave behind 忘了带,留下
leave for 动身前往产 leave off 停止,中断
leave out sth. 漏掉 20. lend itself to 有助于,适合于
21. let alone 别碰,别打扰,要不要说 let down 让…失望
let go of 放开,松手 let in 容许进入,漏水,把衣服弄窄
let loose 放松,释放 let off 排放,放过,宽恕
22. pass away 逝世 pass out 失去知觉,昏倒
23. pay back 偿还,回报,报复 pay off 还清,得到好结果,取得成功
pay up 拣起,中途搭人,学会 24. play a joke on 和某人开玩笑
play a part in 扮演角色,发挥作用 play with a toy 玩弄,摆弄
25. pull down 拆毁,拉侄,拉下,降低 pull in (车船)进站
pull off 脱衣等,实现 pull on 穿、戴
pull out 拔出,(车船)驶出 pull up 使停下
26. put across 解释清楚 put away 放好,收好,储蓄
put forward 提出计划、要求等 put in 花费,付出时间,正式提出
put off 推迟 put on 穿上，增加体重
put out 熄灭,公布,发布,生产出 put up 建造,搭起,提供膳宿,张贴
27. refer to 提及,参考 28. regardless of 不顾,不管
29. lose one’s head 不知所措 lose one’s temper 发脾气
lose one’s way 迷路 lose the track of 失去对…的联系
30. major in 主修 make for 走向,导致,促成
make sense 讲得通,有意义 make up(for) 补偿,弥补
make way for 开路,让路 make from 由…制成
31. mix up 混合,搞混 32. object to 反对,不赞成
33. occur to sb. 使某人想起 34. remind sb of sth. 使某人想起
35. resort to 诉诸于 36. result in 导致后果
result from 由于什么而造成 37. ring off 挂断电话
ring up 打电话给某人 38. run away with (感情等)战胜,不受约束
run down 贬你,减少,精疲力竭 run into 偶然碰见
run out of 用完,耗尽 run over 碾过,很快看一遍
run through 贯穿,济览,花光 39. scale down 按比例缩小
scale up 按比例放大 40. see about 办理,安排
see off 给送行 see through 看破,识破
see to 照料,注意,修理 see to it that 务必做到…
41. send for 派人去请,召唤 send in 递送,提交
send off 邮寄,发送 42. serve as 作为,用作
serve sb right 活该,罪有应得 43. step in 齐步,合拍
step up 加速 44. stick to 坚持
45. set about 开始着手做某事 set aside 留出,储蓄
set down 记下,写下,放下 set apart 使分离民,使分开,拔出
set fire to 放火烧 set forth 陈述,阐明
set off 出发
形容词
1.able to do 能够做 2.about to do 打算做
3absent from 缺席 4.abundant in 充足
5.angry with/at/for 生气 6.anxious for/about 焦虑
7.applicable to 易于 8.aware of 意识到
9.bored with 厌倦 10.amazed at 惊叹于
11.faithful to 忠实于 12.busy with 忙于
13.caoable of doing 有能力做 14.certain of 有把握
15.characteristic of 特征是 16.competent in 胜任的
17.consistant with 一致的 18.concious of/with 意识到
19.contrary to 与相反 20.comvenient to 便于
21.critical of 对…挑剔 ashamed of 对…感到羞耻
22.harmful to 对…有害虫 23.confident of/in 有信心
24.dependent on 依靠于 25.different from 不同
26.eager for/to do 急于做 27.enthusiastic about for 对…有热情
28.equal to 等同于 29.equivalent to 相当于
30. essential to 重要的 31.excited about./at 为某事而激动
32.negligent of 对…马虎的 33.famillar to/with 熟悉
34.famous for 因…著名 35.fit for/to 适合于
36.fond of 喜爱 37.free from 免于
38.friendly to 对…友好 39.guilty of 有…罪
40.good at/in 善于 good for 对…有益
good to 对…友好往来 41.happy about 为…而高兴
42.loyal to 信守的 43.regardless of 不顾
44.relative to 与…有关,相对于 45.representative of 有…代表性的
46.resistance to 抵制的 47.repsonsible for/to 对…负责的
48.responsive to 响应的 49.satisfied with 对…满意的
50.separati from 与…分开的 sensitive to 对…敏感的
51.sick of 对…厌倦的 52.helpful to 对…有帮助
53.hostile to 对…的敌意的 54.ignorant of 不了解
55.innocent of无…罪的 56.jealous of妒忌的
57.keen on 热衷于 58.lacking in 缺乏
59.likely to do 可能做 60.opposite to 与…相对立的
61.proud of 为…骄傲的 62.patient with 对…耐心的
63.preferable to 比…更可取 64.previous to 在…之前
65.prior to 在…之前,优先于 66.proper to 特有的，专为…的
67.proportional to 与…成比例的 68.ready for 为…做好准备的
69.similar to 与…相似的 70.sorry about/for 为…感受到遗憾
71.strict with 对…严格要求的 72.suitable for/to 对…合适的
73.subordinate to 从属于…,下级的 74.superior to 优越于…
75.thirsty for 对…渴望的 76.typical of 有…典型性的
77.worthy of 值得的 78.popular with 受到欢迎的
79.apploicable to 适用的 80.doubtful about/of 怀疑
