2008年考研英语完形填空真题解析
The idea that some groups of people may be more intelligent than others is one of those hypotheses that dare not speak its name. But Gregory Cochran is 1 to say it anyway. He is that 2 bird, a scientist who works independently 3 any institution. He helped popularize the idea that some diseases not 4 thought to have a bacterial cause were actually infections, which aroused much controversy when it was first suggested.
5 he, however, might tremble at the 6 of what he is about to do. Together with another two scientists, he is publishing a paper which not only 7 that one group of humanity is more intelligent than the others, but explains the process that has brought this about. The group in 8 is a particular people originated from central Europe. The process is natural selection.
This group generally does well in IQ test, 9 12-15 points above the 10 value of 100, and have contributed 11 to the intellectual and cultural life of the West, as the 12 of their elites, including several world-renowned scientists, 13 . They also suffer more often than most people from a number of nasty genetic diseases, such as breast cancer. These facts, 14 , have previously been thought unrelated. The former has been 15 to social effects, such as a strong tradition of 16 education. The latter was seen as a (an) 17 of genetic isolation. Dr. Cochran suggests that the intelligence and diseases are intimately 18 . His argument is that the unusual history of these people has 19 them to unique evolutionary pressures that have resulted in this 20 state of affairs.
1. ［A］ selected［B］prepared［C］ obliged［D］ pleased
2. ［A］ unique［B］particular［C］ special［D］ rare
3. ［A］ of［B］with［C］ in［D］ against
4. ［A］ subsequently［B］presently［C］ previously［D］ lately
5. ［A］ Only［B］ So［C］ Even［D］ Hence
6. ［A］ thought［B］sight［C］ cost［D］ risk
7. ［A］ advises［B］suggests［C］ protests［D］ objects
8. ［A］ progress［B］fact［C］ need［D］ question
9. ［A］ attaining［B］common［C］ mean［D］ calculating
10. ［A］ normal［B］common［C］ mean［D］ total
11. ［A］ unconsciously［B］disproportionately［C］ indefinitely［D］ unaccountably
12. ［A］ missions［B］fortunes［C］ interests［D］ careers
13. ［A］ affirm［B］witness［C］ observe［D］ approve
14. ［A］ moreover［B］therefore［C］ however［D］ meanwhile
15. ［A］ given up［B］got over［C］ carried on［D］ put down
16. ［A］ assessing［B］supervising［C］ administering［D］ valuing
17. ［A］ development［B］origin［C］ consequence［D］instrument
18. ［A］ linked［B］integrated［C］ woven［D］ combined
19. ［A］ limited［B］subjected［C］ converted［D］ directed
20. ［A］ paradoxical［B］incompatible［C］ inevitable［D］ continuous
文章背景
这是一篇介绍个人学术观点的说明文，文章内容主要围绕一部分人是否比另外一部分人聪明这个主题展开。该文原文刊登在2005年6月2日的《经济学人》杂志上，原文的标题是The Evolution of Intelligence(智力的进化)，命题专家对原文进行了一定的简化，但是意思没有发生丝毫的变化。
文章结构
文章采用了总分的叙述方式，文章第一段的前两句话就是文章叙述的主题，全片文章围绕这个主题展开。
第一段：
The idea that some groups of people may be more intelligent than others is one of those hypotheses that dare not speak its name. But Gregory Cochran is 1 to say it anyway.（总述）
第二段：
Together with another two scientists, he is publishing a paper which not only 7 that one group of humanity is more intelligent than the others, but explains the process that has brought this about.（分述）
第三段：
This group generally does well in IQ test…
They also suffer more often than most people from a number of nasty genetic diseases…
His argument is that the unusual history of these people has 19 them to unique evolutionary pressures that have resulted in this 20 state of affairs.（结论）
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